IL-6
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IL-6

Ilyushin Il-6

 

IL-6 was developed under the leadership of SV Ilyushin and is an experienced bomber torpedo. He had to be replaced IL-4, Which was used in naval aviation. His appearance it strongly resembles an increased IL-4.

History of the IL-6

S.V. Ilyushin, considering the experience of the combat use of Il-4, proposed the creation of a long-range bomber with exactly the same size as the predecessor, the size of the bomb load and the range of flight, but with a much higher cruising speed (at almost 100 m per hour) during the flight to the maximum Range, with more effective armor protection of crew jobs, improved airborne defensive weapons. It was possible to increase the combat effectiveness of the bomber by introducing a second pilot into the crew, the equipment of the vehicle with an anti-icing system, which used to heat the exhaust heat of two star-shaped engines of the front edges of the wing. Takeoff power - 2 thousand hp (1470 kVT). The bomber planned to use this bomber in the aviation of the Soviet Navy, and in the role of a torpedo carrier of low and high-altitude torpedometry with an external suspension of two torpedoes.

IL-6

Air Force Ilyushin approved the project created a new long-range bomber and torpedo bomber, the designation Il-6. But in the process of designing them came the desire to replace gasoline engines and increase range.

The expediency of installing diesel engines on the IL-6 was primarily determined by their good economy: their fuel consumption is almost 40% less than gasoline of exactly the same power. Moreover, a diesel engine that was not susceptible to detonation could use cheaper kerosene instead of high-octane gasoline, which, because of less volatility, provided fire and explosion hazard in combat conditions. Also, a large density of kerosene made it possible to reduce the size of the tanks, thereby reducing the weight of the aircraft structure. Due to the high compression of the fuel in the cylinders and the high temperature characteristic of the thermodynamic cycle of the engine, it is characterized by a larger power compared to the gasoline engine.

But whatever it was, design calculations have shown that the high saving diesel engine makes it profitable to install, especially if you consider the fact that the flight range increased by more than five hours. Bombers IL-6, carried out a raid on Berlin, with a diesel engine, it might cause twice as much damage as compared to gasoline.

IL-6

Experience in a limited operation EF-2, equipped with diesel engines, revealed their shortcomings (in the field difficult start). Along with the design of the IL-6 engineers improved the engine, trying to make it a more powerful version.

At the heart of the IL-6 scheme used with a simple twin-engine nizkoplan odnokilevym vertical tail surfaces. Its main dimensions such as the length of the fuselage and the wing area, were almost identical to the size of the aircraft DB-4. But the aerodynamic wing element and such relative performance of the wing as narrowing and elongation were on this other machine.

The designers sought to ensure high safety, which is dependent on the development of the stall, passes through the upper surface of the wing. And they found the optimal choice of the wing, which had a constant throughout the scale aerodynamic profile, characterized by a positive sweep of the leading edge and a large contraction.

Return to single-fin system on the aircraft is entirely based on the experience of flight testing and design of DB-4, which demonstrated that the benefits of diversity vertical stabilizer more scarce compared to its disadvantages. Recent were mainly associated with the difficulty of providing a desired directional stability of the machine on different flight conditions, especially in case of breakage of one of the engines.

The crew consisted of 6 persons: two pilots are in the cockpit of a single close to each other, the navigator, who was sitting in the bow cabin, based on DB-used cabin 3F, two gunners and radio operator-gunner. Their jobs were located in the upper part of the fuselage. It is worth noting that the entire crew had a reliable armor protection, the weight of which is 400 kg.

Protect the aircraft from enemy aircraft was quite powerful and carried out with the help of 5 mobile gun systems: the turret top, bottom, bow, two side mounted on the left and right sides of the fuselage. All units are equipped with a defensive gun, 20 mm. Moreover, total stock units had 850 shells.

Creation of the first aircraft was carried out under the engine ACh-30B, whose power was clearly insufficient for the design weight of the aircraft. IL-6 in this regard was submitted to the flight test without side cannon systems, and the crew was reduced to 5 people.

IL-6

 In August, the first aircraft with the AH-1943B engine under the control of V.К. Kokkinaki (test pilot). This is not to say that the tests went smoothly. The work of diesel engines was unreliable, and there were certain difficulties in piloting the machine, especially when landing. Engineers could not identify the cause of this. As a result, the IL-30 was transferred to the flight research institute, where additional tests were carried out by pilots N.S. Rybko and A.N. Grinchik.

On IL-6 in the summer of 1944, the accelerated engines of the AF-40BF model were installed, which, in addition to the nominal mode, had a military one, on which the engine managed to develop the power of 1500 hp. (1130 kW) at an altitude of 6 thousand meters. In the military and take-off modes, a two-phase mixing process was carried out to improve the reliability of the engine in the AF-30BF engine. The installation of this engine made it possible to complete the air machine with airborne gun systems, to improve the armor protection of the crew, which was in the middle cabin. After conducting flight studies of controllability and stability, the elevator area was reduced, the centering of the aircraft became more rearward, and the elevator height was reduced.

IL-6 became the last team OKB built bomber that has a piston engine. Then he created several piston bombers had good performance characteristics, which had many original features.

IL-6 characteristics:



Modification   IL-6
Wingspan, m   26.07
Length m   17.38
Height, m   4.20
Wing area, m2   84.80
Weight, kg  
  empty aircraft   11930
  normal takeoff   16100
engine's type   2 DD ACH-30F
Power, hp   X 2 1900
Maximum speed km / h  
  near the ground   400
  on high   464
Practical range, km   5450
Rate of climb, m / min   174
Practical ceiling, m   7000
Crew   3
Armament:   three 7.62-mm ShKAS machine gun
  bomb load - up to 4500 kg or 2 torpedoes

 

warplanes

OKB Ilyushin Aircraft

In the middle of 1942 years there was a need to create a new long-range bomber with better characteristics than the IL4. Then in the OKB Ilyushin and it was adopted in the drafting of aircraft with more than the IL4, cruising speed, power on-board weaponry and enhanced armor protection of the crew. The crew had entered the second pilot, and the aircraft is equipped with anti-icing system.
Provides for the use of naval aviation bomber in the USSR Armed Forces as a torpedo and low altitude bombing outer suspension of two torpedoes.
Representatives of the Air Force approved the project, but in the process of designing and fine-tuning the design of the aircraft have been made a number of changes, for example, gasoline engines are replaced by more fuel-efficient and safe diesel.
The plane had a very strong protection against enemy air attacks. It was carried out with the help of 5 mobile gun systems.
IL6 team became the last OKB bomber built with a piston engine.

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