Ka-10
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Ka-10

Ka-10. A photo. History. Characteristics.

 

Work on the design of the Ka-10 began on AKB them. NI Kamov in 1948 year. In general, rotorcraft continued the line, and the basis for it was the Ka-8.

Thanks to the well-coordinated work of the KB staff, it took only a couple of months to develop the Ka-10. Differences from its predecessor, the new helicopter received little. Have put the engine producing 55 hp, - AI-4. It was designed specifically for this model of the monoplane. Also at 200 mm, the diameter of the supporting screws was increased. This was achieved by lengthening the blades, because of which the fill factor decreased. The design of the blades remained the same as that of Ka-8, and in the rotor control scheme, the movement of the bushings in the shaft splines now accounted for the change in the overall pitch.

Ka-10 photo

It must be remembered that the design of the Ka-10 held immediately after the triumph of the Ka-8, so experts Kamov bureau tried to keep the design of the helicopter as close copying his predecessor. While once 4 KB (im. Yakovlev, Mil, Kamov and Bratukhina) engaged in the development of the first Soviet helicopter.

The jurisdiction of the Yakovlev Design Bureau. Kamov was a take-off test area at the airport Izmailovo, where he passed the first tests of the Ka-10.

30.08.1949 was made the first flight over the territory of a helicopter airfield Izmailovo. At the helm was a test pilot MD Gurov. The flight was not entirely smooth: identified errors in the collective pitch lever rotors.

The helicopter was equipped with a radio, and a compressed air tank rocket launcher to start the motor, brackets for buoys. It establishes a system bailout. The essence of her work was to Releasing the seatbelt pilots and pilots die and fall with parachute back after folding backrest.

Ka-10 1 photo

One of the final flight during a test flight began on the duration, which is also performed Mikhail Gurov. The helicopter was lifted to a height of 200 m above Izmailovo airport. In order to increase the efficiency of the flight, the pilot decided to test drive a car at rated speed. The circumferential speed of the blades was not enough - the helicopter skabriroval, floating in the air and fell. On the way to the hospital died Gurov.

Gradually, problems with stalling the rotor blades began to repeat, and it caused a huge range of criticism of the Yakovlev Design Bureau. Kamov. In particular M. Miles said that Ka-10 not able avtorotirovat. Nikolai Ilyich Kamov cited in his defense overseas examples where such problems eliminated by changing the collective pitch of the rotor.

Completely refute the reasoning of M.L. Mile succeeded only in practice.

Since May 1950 years aboard Ka-10 to run the test program provided Kaderovskomu I., who was able in a short period of time to master control of the helicopter. In those days, a complete set of test aircrafts did not put a lot of recording devices at Ka-10 present only barospidograf, other indicators of devices and instruments were recorded in memory of the pilot.

It came down to check coaxial helicopter to the possibility of autorotation. To perform this procedure specifically derived parameters the engine speed and the rotor next to each other. The pilot deliberately unraveled the engine speed to rotor speed, that was a reserve power. Operation autorotation led Kaderovskogo successful, thereby completely denying the words of M. Mile.

Ka-10 photo

In 1951, it was decided to build a military version of the Ka-10 helicopter commissioned by the USSR Navy. For the period of 1952-1953 years, 9 helicopter gunships were manufactured. They were distributed to different areas to carry out the tasks of the Navy. Military versions of Ka-10 took part in the observation of objects, the search for mines, the detection of submarines, and the conduct of targeted fire. The helicopters were lifted into the air even from the cruiser. Even with gusts of wind in 26 nodes, it was possible to raise Ka-10 and put it on the cruiser Maxim Gorky. On the example of Ka-10, the foundations for the use of helicopters on ships-helicopter carriers were created.

Taking into account the flight-technical operation, the first modification of Ka-10M was soon developed. Differences from Ka-10 could be found very much. In fact, it was a completely new coaxial helicopter. It again introduced the control system of the rotors with intermediate sliders, which made it possible to reduce the load on the lever and the control pedals. To improve the stability of the track on the modified model, a two-tailed tail unit was installed. Screws in diameter increased to 6,12 m, which added traction and reduced the likelihood of air flow from the blades. The first Ka-10M flights began in 1955, and the car immediately gained popularity thanks to excellent indicators of maneuverability and ease of operation.

Design Ka-10

Ka-10 is a structure built of metal tubes with a diameter of 8-18 mm. The central part of the design take-4G AI engine and the pilot's seat. On the sides are placed lodgements that serve fastening cylinders which are filled with air under pressure and perform a support function.

Ka-10 photos scheme

The container is divided into four sections, and is made of two-layer rubberized material. The lower part of the container glued rubber sheet thickness 1,5 mm. This feature allowed the landing gear to land a helicopter on virtually any surface (water, earth, the deck of the ship, etc.) and also successfully raise the machine in the air.

The front of the car takes a fuel tank 33 l. Just behind the pilot's seat placed struts tail. Nearby, in the lodgment of cylinders, two racks fixed antenna radar RCI-3M1. Ka-10 has dvuhkilevoe vertical tail fins with fabric covering.

The torque is transmitted from the engine to the propeller blades via two gearboxes: a motor (bottom) and distribution (top), which are connected to the main shaft. The upper and lower screws are rotated in opposite directions. They and transmits torque upper gear. The motor gearbox are devices that allow the engine is running without engaging the rotors, which helps to keep the car in the air in an emergency.

The angle of installation of the helical blades is measured by shifting the control lever of the helicopter, the "step-to-gas" knob and the flight control pedals. All components of the control system are interconnected by mechanical wiring with aggregates of differential and common step. The inclination of the control lever of the helicopter leads to the inclination of the skewing mechanisms and the change of the angles of the rotor blades. As a result, synchronously the revolutions of one screw increase, and the second - decrease, which allows you to turn the helicopter in the desired direction. If you use the "step-to-gas" knob, you can get an increase or decrease in blade propulsion, because of the change in the amount of fuel supplied to the engine, there is a loss or build-up of its power.

Ka-10 23 photo

The equipment Ka-10 includes a number of flight and navigation equipment for operations in reduced visibility and devices, responsible for the operation of the engine. These groups include:

  • altimeter VD-12;
  • speed indicator DC-140;
  • Compass Key-11;
  • Vario BP-10;
  • Index rotor speed;
  • Index sliding.

Radio contact with the ground is provided by installed on board Ka-10 radio RSI-3M1 that worked on batteries.

 

Ka-10 characteristics:

Modification

  Ka-10

  Ka-10M

The diameter of the rotor, m

  5.80

  6.12

Length m

  3.90

  3.70

Height, m

  2.50

  2.50

Weight, kg

 

 

  empty

  239

  249

  normal takeoff

  370

  390

engine's type

  1 PD AI-4G

  1 PD AI-4G

Power, h.p.

  1 x 55

  1 x 55

Maximum speed km / h

  115

  115

Practical range, km

  142

  142

Practical ceiling, m

  2500

  2500

Static ceiling, m

  300

  100

Crew

  1

  1

Payload:

  131 kg load

  141 kg load

 

 

Ka-10. Gallery.

Ka-10 in flightKa-10 on earthKa-10 scheme with visualization

Ka-10 before the flightKa-10 by carKa-10 over the sea

Ka-10 schemeKa-10 off from the machineKa-10 layout

Ka-10 miniatureKa-10 in flightKa-10 on earth

 

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