Ka-31
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Ka-31

Ka-31. A photo. History. Characteristics.

 

"The product 503» - this is how the future was called Ka-31. It was intended for radar surveillance, and used in the Soviet Navy. The model is developed on the basis of the ship's combat helicopter Ka-29 vehicle type and is used for airborne reconnaissance. The device is unique in that it can be based on land or on a ship of any class (of course those used for making aircraft vehicles). Often used Ka-31 in ground conditions solving air defense. Until now, it has no analogues.

Ka-31 is in service with Naval Aviation in three countries: Russia, China and India. In 2012 year belonged to the Russian Air Force two copies, in the Air Force China exported nine helicopters and India were 14 models.

Ka-31

Main activities AWACS Ka-31 - this radar control of sea and air space, early detection of low-flying targets by type of helicopters, cruise missiles or aircraft. Among other things, the helicopter is able to detect and recognize at long range surface ships. At present Ka-31 electronics, able to calculate the trajectory and movement parameters of the target coordinates. It can transmit the necessary information to the command post, and based on the ship.

The machine is based on a spiral coaxial. Projects supporting the Nightingale system borrowed from the transport-combat Ka-29. Some design changes were made because of the need to install on the bottom of the radar. Thanks to a special hinge system, the radar can be rotated in different directions and to hold upright. Mirror radar antenna is six meters span. During normal transportation of the antenna is pressed against the housing (to the bottom) and is fixed.

Ka-31

The door was installed on the right side of the side of the transport cab. For the crew on the sides, emergency hatches with glazed doors are installed. In the event of an emergency, they have the ability to emergency reset. The chassis is four-legged, the front can be retracted into special fairings (located on the outside of the sides of the fuselage). And the main supports rise upwards, thereby freeing up space for the rotation of the radar antenna in flight. Blades of the main screw are made of polymer and composite material. They are also supplied from the electrothermal and anti-icing systems.

History of the Ka-31

The need for all countries to the presence of cordons near the sea in the media AWACS became apparent even during the military conflict between Britain and Argentina over the disputed Falkland Islands. In the Argentine Air Force had the advantage of the presence of low-flying aircraft, which sank two British ships, "Coventry" and "Sheffield". The British could not intercept the planes because they do not have AWACS radar.

Ka-31

For these reasons, N. Kamov Design Bureau in 1985 was given the task - to create a helicopter AWACS. The basis of lay airframe, power and carrier system of Ka-29. The only difficulty was to find a way to install the radar on a helicopter. There were different problems: unstable flight and constant shaking when rotating radar, radar systems, the conflict and the rest of the navigation equipment. The first OP flew in 1987 year, and the ranks of the Russian Navy helicopter arrived only 95-m. Series production for naval aviation was conducted at the plant Kumertau.

Features aircraft Ka-31

Navy helicopter used for the detection of surface ships and air targets, if necessary, accompanied them. Those copies, which were based directly on the ships were used as air support, air defense combat units of the fleet. The powerful radar installed on solid-state elements and turns during the flight can produce antenna with PAR (phased array).

Through installed on the helicopter avionics complex Ka-31 can lead the programmed automatic flight route regardless of the weather and climatic conditions. AEW helicopter is able to simultaneously detect and accompany up to twenty objects.

Ka-31

The automated mode enables fast, and most importantly, the automatic transmission of information found in order to control point. The transfer is carried out using telecode channel. The system of "Eye" or E-801, created in the Institute of Radio Engineering (Nizhny Novgorod region), can detect on radar frequencies far any surface or object nizkoplanovy.

The antenna is specially attached to the bottom of the Ka-31, to reduce wind resistance and prevent deteriorate during landing. In operation, the antenna leans 90 degrees and the landing gear lifted. Phased array radar with weigh about 200 kg, the area of ​​the antenna rotation is six square meters, and the length comes to 5,75 meters. Surface objects found at a distance of more than 250 kilometers and air objects - up to 150 km.

Especially for the detection and reconnaissance helicopters classes in Instrument Design Bureau (Saratov) have developed a flight-navigation system (PNA). Common mode of radar operation and NCP simple. When running radar, Mo complex sets the stabilization of the angular position, responsible for barometric or true altitude, determines the flight to patrol the area a typical trajectory, automated machine terminals to the ship or the airport, as well as makes it possible to conclude the helicopter landing point by landing radar signals .

Ka-31

Transfer of information received on the open and closed channels are installed on the AWACS Ka-31 special communication system. Transmission is telecode channel. The helicopter can transmit information at a distance of 150 km from the home, and at the same height can reach the level 1500-3000 meters. Flight parameters are registered automatically using specialized equipment records "Tester-3K."

In addition to marine applications, the helicopter can be used for ground troops. Ka-31 able to be deployed on small unprepared sites, which are located near the mobile anti-aircraft missile systems. AWACS provides pointers to the goal.

But mass production ended before it really started. Russian Navy began the complete elimination of ships, designed under the number 1143, which led to a loss of interest in the Ka-31. In operation only two instances. They are based on the aircraft carrier "Admiral Kuznetsov". Number of Ka-31 would increase due to the purchase from France of special docks, helicopter carriers "Mistral", but because of the sanctions imposed by Europe will not happen. The scandal occurred because of Russia's support for separatists in the territory of Ukraine.

Ka-31 characteristics:

Modification

  Ka-31

Diameter of the main rotor, m

  15.90

Length m

  11.60

Height, m

  5.50

Width, m

  3.8

Weight, kg

 

  empty

  5520

  normal takeoff

  11400

  maximum take-off

  12500

engine's type

  2 GTD Klimov TV3-117ВК

power, kWt

  X 2 1660

Maximum speed km / h

  255

Cruising speed, km / h

  220

Practical range, km

  680

The duration of the flight, ch.min

  2.30

Practical ceiling, m

  5000

Static ceiling, m

  3500

Crew

  3

 

Ka-31. Gallery.

Ka-31 runwayKa-31 after takeoffKa-31 before planting

Ka-31 in flightKa-31 photo SideKa-31 on earth

Ka-31 modelKa-31 imageKa-31 in combat rasskraska

Ka-31 on boardKa-31 in the snowKa-31 prepares for landing

 

Helicopters

It should be probably even more improved models of helicopters but our army and under the protection of large medium and small percussion drones.

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