Mi-14
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Mi-14

Mi-14. A photo. History. Characteristics.

 

The Mi-14 helicopter was developed on the basis of Mi-4 for the replacement of the Mi-4 line in service with the USSR. The trial version was called B-14 and made its first flight in 1973 year. According to the idea of ​​the designer it was an amphibian helicopter, and for normal immersion on the water surface it was necessary to give the bottom of the fuselage a boat form, and on its sides to install floats - "gills." Judging by the plane-convex profile of their cross section, it was planned that such a mechanism would create an additional lifting force during the flight. However, in practice they have received from the additional resistance. To avoid touching the water surface with the blades of the steering screw and the tail boom, an additional float was installed under the latter. Separately, the manufacture of the boat part was carried out, inside it were a cargo compartment and fuel tanks.

Mi-14 scheme

Since the machine amphibious type, for it provided a wheeled chassis, which is removed at the bottom of the boat (two front landing gear) and "gills" (basic two-wheeled racks).

"Initiative-14M" to perform combat Mi-2 jobs manned sighting and search "Kalmar" system and radar.

Also in the rigging of the helicopter included: the computer "Landysh", the data transmission system "Snegir", the magnetometer "Orsha", marker buoys "Poplavok" and the winch from the GAS "Oka-2". In the boat thermostated and hermetic compartment were located in two cassettes of 36 buoys of the RGB-NM "Chinara" or 8 RBG-N "Niva". Instead of buoys, it was possible to install a torpedo AT-1, which can be used to destroy submarines, or other types of weapons. For example, the design of the Mi-14 is designed to fire the aimed fire with VVT-1 "Strizh" torpedoes, which can be launched from a height of not more than 17 m. Also in the boat compartment, you can place anti-submarine bombs PLAB-50-64, PLAB-250-120 and PLAB-MK.

Mi-14 photo

Power Mi-14 even enough to transport a nuclear bomb "Scalp", which weighs tons 1,6. These weapons can easily break the enemy submarine at a distance of up to 800 m. In order to provide a still hovering at included sonar (SAS), in equipment systems involved ACS-14 automated control and below the tail boom set Doppler drift angle and Diss-15 speed.

The structure of the Mi-14 crew consists of two pilots and a navigator-operator, the place for which it was fitted in the cargo cabin. Made Mi-14 engaged Moscow Helicopter Plant, which is located in a suburban punk. The assembly of the boat for the Mi-14 instructed the Kazan helicopter plant, which housed a branch of OKB. Mile.

Helicopter modifications: 

Mi-14PL - primary anti-submarine modification;

Mi-14PLM - a modified version of the MI-14PL

Mi-14VT - minesweeper and supplier minutes

Mi-14PS - search and rescue option

Mi-14PW - Mi-14PL in the Polish operation

The first boat docking an fuselage serial Mi-8 1967 years spent in the summer. On rotorcraft turboprops TV2-117 were established, which does not run on batteries. Therefore, the need to set the APU was not. At first instance Mi-14 no nodes have been installed for mounting weapons, and there was no radar and other anti-submarine equipment. The machine is only demo flights. In July, the first in 1967-14 has received in "Aeroflot" registration number 11051 and began his public trial.

Mi-14 photo ukraine

The first flight of the Mi-14 1.08.1967 was made at the factory site in the suburbs. At the helm was a test pilot Yu Shvachko. Later, the helicopter moved in Lyubertsy, where he continued his inspection. When fully convinced of the controllability and stability of the Mi-14 in the air and on land, went to check the "amphibious" in the aquatic environment. It was held in the southern port of Moscow. Dive helicopter on the water surface was carried out with the help of a crane. flights over water is then started. The object of the test was the same Moscow River in sparsely populated areas near the village conversation.

At the end of 1967-punk began reworking of two Mi-8 in New In-14, which were intended for the joint participation in state tests. Boats for them to do, as in the first instance, in the city of Kazan. However, unlike the first "amphibious", they search and sighting systems were installed.

In 1968 was some problems were identified during the state tests. In particular it found insufficient margin of stability during flight. With the development of speed over 180 km / h, the helicopter begins to throw from side to side. These fluctuations in aviation history is called "Dutch step." Get rid of the problem can be the standard way, but this model can not be set right tailplane, so find another way. On the "gills" placed the keel washers that increased resistance techniques at high speeds.

Mi-14 photo booths

During the tests showed poor resistance in-14 and on the water during movement. The third prototype was converted by replacing the "gills" with inflatable floats.

If you add up the floats, their niche-fitting lid fairing made of metal. In place of the keel washers put more elegant fins. We conducted well completion system chassis. By placing them on damper settings eliminate vibrations of the front legs, which in turn allowed the helicopter Mi-14 to take off from the takeoff and landing in autorotation, without risking damage to the nose landing gear.

After completing factory tests, the Mi-14 0412, tail number was transferred to the airfield Kirov in Feodosia. The plan was to move the instance of its own power, but halfway there breaking the fuel system, and the tester L. Indeevu had a chance to make an emergency landing. Most likely, the planting was carried out in autorotation. After landing on the collective farm, the helicopter wheels stuck in the ground and rolled over on its side. Fortunately, the crew survived in this accident.

After the accident, the B-14 prototype was again connected to the state test program. It is worth noting the well-coordinated work of P.K. Oleinik and V.P. Komarov, pilots O.E. Efimova and Yu.N. Iglina, navigators R.I. Subarova and R.D. Yumaguzin.

Mi-14 photo shark

Tests on the water showed that the agitation in the above three points and tendency to bow burrowing, which increases the risk of contact between the rotor blades with the water surface. They also found that when suspended at a height of meters above the water 10 cockpit glass sprinkles intensively. This has led to reduce the speed of movement allows the water to 20 km / h because of the propensity of the machine to the burying.

In 1969 was produced in the fourth machine-14, equipping it with serial engines TVZ-117M. A first phase of joint state tests, which resulted in the preliminary permission to build a production helicopter was completed two years later. And, despite the fact that the resolution has been received to implement serial production of this model it was possible only with 1974 years after completion of search and sighting equipment.

Tests of the main gearbox has been completed only in 1975 In spite of this, in 1973, the customer began the final stage of state tests with "defective" in-14. Soon to test specimens and hooked the first production car. Supervised flights to the final stage of the test pilot test OE Efimov. First checked landing at the airport in autorotation, and then - in the water. Checks are carried out in the night time and in severe weather conditions.

The first landing on the water with mileage was successfully accomplished test pilot GR Karapetyan 18.10.1974. After him also successfully put-14 in the water managed to O. Efimov and B. Varakin. Act on completion of the joint state tests was signed at the end of the year 1974.

Mi-14 photo ditching

Two years later, the USSR Council of Ministers Resolution of the helicopter in-14 put into service with the name Mi-14PL (ASW).

The first production version received the designation Mi-14BT (towing trawl). The tail portion of the cargo compartment placed towing equipment trawls, controlled remotely. Complete design modifications succeeded in 1973, and since 1979, he was put into service.

1974 city - engineered rescue modification of the Mi-14PS that could evacuate up to 19 injured people. Unlike the Mi-14PL became wider doorway cargo cabin, mounted winch, which has capacity up to 300 kg, which could at the same time to raise three people. The nose of the Mi-14PS installed floodlights and search the PAC. The helicopter could drop liferafts 10 and 20 save the life of the victims. The helicopter could carry even towing rafts. At the armed Mi-14PS put in 1979 year.

Characteristics of the Mi-14:

Mi-14: basic characteristics
Crew, people
4
Normal takeoff weight, kg
13400
Maximum speed, km / h
250
Cruising speed, km / h
210
The ceiling is a dynamic, m
4000
Ferry range, km
800
Tactical range, km
200
The diameter of the helicopter rotor, m
21,288
The length of the helicopter with rotating propellers, m
25,24
The height of the rotating tail rotor, m
6,93

 

 

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