Can I make a cult of helicopter speed

"500 kilometers per hour without stalling" 07.08.2017

"Two new helicopters, civil and military, will be sent to Russia in the coming years. The know-how of our helicopter builders will enable them to develop record speed and press competitors on the world market.

 “One of them (the civilian version -“ Stimulus ”) will be performed according to the traditional aerodynamic scheme, with one rotor, and the other - coaxially, with two screws,” Sergei Emelyanov, director of the aviation industry department of the Minpromtorg, told reporters on Thursday at HeliRussia . According to the official, in the course of research work on the PSV program, two problems were identified: the blades and the additional thrusters — the engine's energy converters. ”

 “Meli Emelya - your week!” (Proverb)

"It has already been determined that a car with one screw can reach a speed of 450 kilometers per hour. But it is not possible to get higher, "Yemelyanov said. - As for the co-axial scheme, here Kamov Design Bureau is working out the car at a speed over 500 kilometers per hour. This is done in the interests of the Ministry of Defense. "

"Fresh tradition, I can hardly believe it" (Chatsky).

450k / h, and "over 500k / h" = ???

The cruising speeds of helicopters are currently 250-300k / h. and with an increase in speed above 350k / h, the efficiency of the horizontal component of the main rotor thrust drops sharply. Let me remind you that the record of the high-speed Mi-24 = 368k / h.

In the Mi-X1 project, the tail rotor in flight was supposed to perform the duties of a propulsion device from the designers of the cost center, and then the helicopter "could" accelerate to a speed of 520 k / h. But even here - "noodles"!

Why?

 Everything is simple: the circumferential speed of rotation of the end of the rotor blade of the Mi-24 helicopter = 217 m / s, which corresponds to a speed of 780 km / h.

At a helicopter flight speed = 500k / h. at the left half of the main rotor (counter flow), the total speed will be: 780k / h + 500k / h. = 1280k / h.

On the right side, the incoming air flow will be associated and, accordingly: 780k / h - 500k / h. = 280k / h, i.e. the difference in speed between the left and right sides of the helicopter main rotor will be: 1270k / h - 270k / h. = 1000k / h. 

Accordingly, the difference in the lifting forces of the left and right sides of the main rotor at such a speed will be such that an uncontrollable roll will appear much earlier than 450k / h, which even the Milev ace - the tester Gurgen Karapetyan cannot cope with!

In coaxial helicopters, two propellers rotate in opposite directions, which stabilizes their flight: the thrust of propellers from opposite sides will balance each other. But even the coaxial Ka-92 helicopter, according to General Designer S.V. Mikheev, has a maximum speed of up to 460k / h. (According to S. Emelyanov - "over 500k / h"), and the cruising speed = 420-430 km / h. In addition, in this project, a propulsive (pushing) rotor, rigid rotor blades and a decrease in their revolutions N.V. as the speed increases, which makes it possible to move the boundaries of the flow stall from the ends of the blades towards a higher flight speed.             

The Mi-24 flying laboratory does not have such a possibility due to the lack of a propelling screw - and this is another problem in increasing the helicopter cruising speed, so there is no talk of 450km / hour.

Also puzzling is the fact that the massive production of the long-obsolete Mi-8 continues with manic persistence.                           

And this despite the fact that since 2001 there is a real opportunity to replace it with a more advanced Ka-32-10 helicopter, and today - an even more advanced Ka-32-10AG.

It also does not fit with reality that instead of the outstanding three-time winner of the Ka-50 attack, the Black Shark continues to be supplied with a crude Mi-28N, which even in Syria presented a catastrophe, killing two top-class pilots at once.

One must think that not because of a good life, Defense Minister S.K. Shoigu allowed girls to be admitted to the Krasnodar Flight School. The service of a fighter pilot is clearly not a woman's job, and for this reason the Black Shark combat helicopter should be an invaluable find for the State. And nice words addressed to the "Night Hunter" - for our reassurance and a report to Vashobkom: "Another legendary representative of the" air cavalry "- Mi-28N" Night Hunter "is successfully undergoing modernization.

  Since when has the Mi-28 become “legendary”: in less than 10 years, it has had five “hard landings” due to constructive flaws, of which three - with human casualties. This is probably why the commander-in-chief of the Aerospace Forces is looking forward to a modernized version of this, pardon the expression, "legendary" helicopter:

“According to Bondarev, the upgraded Mi-28NM Night Hunter helicopter with dual control will begin to enter the troops in series in 2018. "There is not a single lag on the Mi-28NM. This is an excellent helicopter, we really need it" (TASS. Army and Defense Industry Complex, July 23).

"We really need him." And to whom "US"?

The state and first of all the captains and lieutenants need the Ka-50 "Black Shark", Ka-52 "Alligator" and Ka-32-10AG instead of the long and hopelessly outdated Mi-8 and Mi-28!               

I believe that Mi-28NM will finalize the reduction gears, due to which it fell, which will allow to remove the limitations on engine power. But for its combat capabilities, and even more so for maneuverability to hold out to the level of the "Black Shark", it will not be allowed by the rear tail tail bolt, especially since Ka-50 / 52 have long been flying on these engines, so all the praises to the "Night Hunter" "Such as" this is a fine helicopter "- from the LUKOW!

Additive to 400hp to the available 4400hp. will slightly increase its combat capabilities, as well as increase the firing range of guided anti-tank missiles from 6 km. up to 8 km. By this time, the Ka-52 will operate with Chrysanthemum ATGMs already from 20 km away, which meets the requirements of modern warfare, meaning not outdated tanks near Palmyra, but regular troops with modern weapons, whose range of air defense of tank groups is much larger than Soviet tanks 40- years ago, but which have already surrounded us from all sides!

By the way, it would be nice to equip the "legendary" Mi-28N and "NM" with ejection seats like the Ka-50/52 helicopters, but let's take a look at the history of its loss to the "Black Shark":

"In August 1986, the State Comparative Flight Tests of the V-80 and the Mi-28 were completed, the results of which showed that the Kamov machine is superior to the Milev's superior combat survivability, better performance characteristics and more extensive weapon capabilities. An important advantage of B-80 was its "unicity" (a circumstance that initially caused misunderstanding and even rejection, since all combat helicopters in the world were at least two-seater), because it saved the weight of the car, reduced the cost of training crews and possible losses on the battlefield, and the functions of the navigator-operator were successfully taken over by the automation of the laser-television sighting complex "Shkval-V" and ATGM "Whirlwind" (aviation: helicopters: ka-50 [Free encyclopedia ...].

To break through the Mi-28 series from the USA, the son of the famous designer I. Sikorsky, S. Sikorsky, flew to Russia, which shows how strong the Ka-50 is and how bad the Mi-28 is. To our great regret, the ex-Minister of Defense S. Ivanov in fact turned out to be on the American side: he removed the Black Sharks from service and replaced them with the losing and raw Mi-28Ns, which were also weakly maneuverable in comparison with the Black Shark.

What does it mean? For example, if necessary, the Ka-50 pilot is capable of instantly deploying the "Black Shark" to 180 degrees at any speed. around the axis and meet the enemy in a more favorable position for him. The helicopter "Mi" in such a situation can only perform a turn, which entails the loss of precious time. The Mi-28NM will not be capable of jumping out to an altitude of 1500m. with vertical speed = 30m / s, as the Ka-50 "Black Shark" did in Chechnya (From the story of the army test pilot Colonel A. Rudykh).

A halo of "legendary" helicopters from the KB MVZ creates liberal media even before the release of the series:

“The armed forces will receive a“ helicopter of the future ”by 2018 ... A fundamentally new modification of the Mi-28N attack helicopter (“ Night Hunter ”) should enter the troops in late 2017 - early 2018. Tests of the Mi-28NM have just begun, and it is already called the "helicopter of the future" and they say that the novelty is significantly superior to the famous and most widespread in the world AH-64 Apache "(pоlitrussia.com› Armed Forces)

At the international competition in India, "Night Hunter" lost to the American "Apache" in pure and not least in terms of weapons, that's all its "legendary" in addition to the threefold loss to the "Black Shark"!

And here is how the Mi helicopters are fighting in Syria: "x-true info" - "Attack helicopters and planes almost continuously swept over the heads of the enemies and struck them along the entire formed front. Dozens of terrorists were eliminated by missile and bombs ... ”. "From the cannon to the sparrows!" (proverb).

The fact that the planes "fly over the heads of the enemies" is clear to me, but in this case helicopters were created in order to hover at a certain height and from there work at terrorists with aimed fire, and when they work on the battlefield like an airplane, then the final result they have a miserable one: out of five thousand militants who came from Iraq, only "Dozens of terrorists" were destroyed. In Afghanistan, supersonic fighter-bombers were nicknamed "WHISTLES" for such work.

The Americans in such a time all in the science:

 “... the helicopter is firing either at very low speed, or even hanging. At the same time, the helicopter has a high enough height, not one hundred meters ... If the militants would have large-caliber machine guns of the DShK type or anti-aircraft installations Zu-23-2, the Apache would hardly be able to afford such pleasure ”(“ Crocodiles ”without“ alligators "MIC).

The killer height of the fire of the antiaircraft guns Zu-23-2 to 1500., So the hovering height in this case is required above 1500m, which with the full combat load is clearly beyond the strength of the combat Mi-24 / 28, so they are "over the heads of the enemy", so and the efficiency of their work - worse than nowhere!

Now I'm fantasizing about the high-speed theme of Ka-22 rotorcraft, fly it "today". But in the beginning about the load-carrying capacity.

It is commonly believed that the popular Mi-6 helicopter has an average load of = 8. Constructively, Ka-22 was one and a half tons lighter at an equal maximum take-off weight of 42,5., Hence the average load at Ka-22 already then would be = 9,5. The D-25V engine has not been produced for a long time, and instead of it there would have been two TV7-117Vs with the total take-off power of 5600h.s, which, from the point of view of flight safety, is archived both for the Arctic and for the Army aviation. In this case, the weight of one engine D-25B = 1300kg, and two TV7-117B = 1600kg or 700kg. easier, i. four TV7-117 lighter than two D-25 on 1400kg and average load of Ka-22 would accordingly increase: 9,5т + 1,4т = 10,9т.

The total hourly fuel consumption for two D-25V = 2200 kg / h, for four TV7-117 = 1600 kg, which is 600 kg less and the average load per flight hour would increase: 10,9 t + 600 kg. = 11,5t. You should also add 600kg. due to 200hp more the total power of the engines and the result is 12 tons. This (12t) could be today the average load of the Ka-22 rotorcraft according to the most modest estimates.

As for the cruising speed of the "improved" Ka-22, it should be considered at least 340k / h. But the high-speed qualities of any aircraft are interesting in the Comparison, say with the Mi-26 helicopter: "Three hours of flight from Tiksi to Kotelny, most of it passed over the Arctic Ocean," said commander Mi-26 Alexei Pavlov. " (How the territory of Russia has grown by an island in the Laptev Sea.) Gazeta.ru.2014 / 10 / 11).

For Ka-22 at speed = 340k / h. It would take a whole time = 2h15min. Saving time = 45min, i.e. there and back - 1has.30min, for which the rotorcraft would save fuel 2400kg. and as a result - its useful loading would be increased by the same amount. That's what more cruising speed is needed for.

It is also, for obvious reasons, needed by combat helicopters, but there is a measure for everything, therefore, for a cruising speed of 400 km / h, expensive complications in the design of the helicopter and, first of all, the main rotor will be required. On the Mi-24, such blades cannot be worked out, because it cannot produce speeds of more than 370-380 k / h due to the long outdated design of the classic scheme. And he can get this speed only at the maximum power of the engines and at the maximum setting angles of the blades, which is far from the cruising mode, when the peculiarities of N.V. this mode.

Unfortunately, the designers of the cost center made a cult loophole out of helicopter speed, with the help of which they get good money from the State, while not even trying to launch their "breakthrough projects" (Mi-X1; PSV "Rachel") into the development of their insolvency, and their The “flying laboratory” is just a cosmetic modernization of the half-century Mi-24 helicopter, on which at first the military envoy Colonel E. Poluyanov “reached” a speed of 405k / h, and then A. Boginsky himself: “A flying laboratory to create a promising high-speed helicopter ( PSV) based on the Mi-24 reached a speed of about 400 kilometers per hour, the head of the Russian Helicopters holding Andrey Boginsky told reporters on Monday (vpk.name June 19, 2017).    

 The Ka-22 has pulling propellers for such a speed, and in flight the engine power smoothly flows from the rotors to the pulling ones as the speed increases, while the lift of the wings also increases with increasing speed, removing the load from the rotors!

Vitalii Belyaev.