PSM pistol: features of the "general's" weapon
other
PSM pistol: features of the "general's" weapon

PSM pistol: features of the "general's" weapon

The PSM pistol (small-sized self-loading pistol) is a unique example of Soviet weapons craftsmanship, which was originally developed for concealed carry by high-ranking officers and special services. For its compact size, simplicity and reliability, it was nicknamed the "general's pistol". This type of weapon became not only a self-defense tool, but also a status symbol in the Soviet army. In this article, we will look at the history of its creation, design features, application, and influence on the development of the weapons industry.

History of the creation of PSM

By the early 1970s, the Soviet Union was faced with the issue of creating a new compact weapon that could replace the outdated MP-654K pistol and also serve as an addition to the officers' main service weapon. The main goal was to create a pistol that would be easily concealed under clothing, but at the same time have sufficient power for self-defense.

The development of the PSM began in 1969 under the leadership of a team of designers from the TsKIB SOO (Central Design Research Bureau for Sporting and Hunting Weapons). The pistol was adopted for service in 1973. Along with the weapon itself, a new 5,45×18 mm cartridge was created, specially designed to minimize the dimensions and weight of the pistol, but at the same time retaining high penetration.

Design and technical features

The PSM was created taking into account the most modern requirements for concealed carry weapons. Its design is simple, reliable and effective, which allowed the pistol to quickly gain popularity.

1. Dimensions and weight 

The main feature of the PSM was its compact size: length of only 155 mm, height of 117 mm, width of 18 mm. The weight of the weapon without cartridges is only 460 grams, which makes it one of the lightest pistols of its time. The narrow body allowed the PSM to be worn even under light clothing, which is especially important for officers in a civilian environment.

2. Cartridge 5,45×18 mm 

A new cartridge was developed specifically for the PSM, which featured high penetration. Its armor-piercing ability was provided by a steel bullet in a bimetallic shell, capable of penetrating standard army Kevlar vests. However, the main limitation of the cartridge was its weak stopping power, which caused criticism among users.

3. Automation 

The PSM operates on the basis of using a free bolt recoil. This solution simplified the design and made the pistol less demanding to operating conditions. The double-action trigger mechanism implements the ability to fire both with a preliminary cocking and self-cocking.

4. Body and materials 

To reduce the weight of the weapon, aluminum alloys were used, and the pistol frame was made of steel. Metal parts have a phosphate coating, which increases their resistance to corrosion.

5. Magazine and capacity 

The pistol is equipped with a single-row magazine for 8 rounds, which meets the requirements for a compact weapon. The magazine is fixed with a latch at the base of the handle.

Application of PSM

The PSM was originally developed as a self-defense weapon for officers, KGB and MVD employees, and other high-ranking officials. Its size made it ideal for concealed carry, making it indispensable in situations where an open weapon could attract unnecessary attention.

Main users of PSM:

- Officers of the army and special services.

- Employees of the KGB, Ministry of Internal Affairs and FSB.

- Diplomatic workers for personal protection.

In combat conditions, the PSM was used extremely rarely due to the limited power of the cartridge. However, its high penetration characteristics allowed the weapon to be used to neutralize opponents in body armor, which made it an effective tool in highly specialized situations.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any weapon, the PSM has its strengths and weaknesses that must be taken into account when using it.

Advantages:

- Compact size and light weight.

- Simple design and high reliability.

- An effective cartridge with high penetration capability.

- Possibility of concealed carry.

Disadvantages:

- Weak stopping power of the 5,45x18mm cartridge.

- Small magazine capacity.

- Limited range (up to 15 meters of effective shooting).

The Impact of PSM on the Arms Industry

The PSM was one of the first examples of Soviet weapons designed for concealed carry. Its success inspired developers to create new models of compact pistols. For example, in the post-Soviet period, pistols such as the PMM and GSh-18 appeared, which were also designed for the use of compact cartridges and minimal dimensions.

In addition, the PSM had an impact on the global arms industry. Although the pistol was not exported outside the USSR, its concept was reflected in the developments of other countries, such as the USA and Germany.

Modifications and civil use

Not many modifications were created on the basis of PSM, but the weapon continues to attract the attention of collectors and fans of compact weapons. Civilian versions of PSM were offered for hunting and sport shooting, but their distribution remained limited.

Conclusion

The PSM is a shining example of how a weapon can combine compactness, innovation and reliability. Despite criticism related to the low stopping power of the cartridge, the pistol has become iconic in its class. Its use is limited, but in highly specialized tasks it remains an effective tool.

Today, the PSM continues to be used in a number of countries, and its place in the history of weapons is firmly established. This "general's" pistol remains a symbol of the engineering mastery of its time and an example of how well-thought-out solutions can ensure longevity and recognition for a weapon.

upstairs