The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-22
Author's articles
The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-22

The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-22: characteristics, capacity, cost

 

 

«23 September 1961 year test pilot Yu Garnaev has made on the serial Ka-22 first circling at an altitude of 1000 200 m at a speed of km / h."

In the middle of the last century, two main helicopter designers received government assignments for heavy construction: “In 1956, the technical requirements were clarified - the aircraft had to carry cargo weighing up to 5 tons to a distance of about 700 km, and 4 tons - to 1500 km with a maximum speed not less than 400 km / h. The future Mi-6 helicopter and the Ka-22 helicopter should meet these requirements. 

The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-221

M.L. Miles in designing his product went proven on the Mi-1 and Mi-4 helicopters through the classic scheme. 
The Ka-22 rotor-wing scheme was REVOLUTIONARY, so the Kamov team was clearly lagging behind the Mi-6: in the fall of 1959, the world speed record was already set = 262,92k / h, and on Ka-22 only in September 1961goda Yu. circle with speed 200k / h. at height xnumm. 
A 7 November this year, the crew DK Yefremov was established officially registered world speed record for rotorcraft - 356,3 km / h. The test flight speed reached 370k / h.

At first, both devices were manufactured with blades trapezoidal mixed construction, with which the Mi-6 top speed was = 200k / h, in the Ka-22 respectively -. 350k / h and cruising -. 270k / h.
Later, rotors with metal blades of rectangular shape (speed increase in 6 / h + wings) were installed on the Mi-50 helicopter and operational speeds increased significantly: Vmax. - to 300 / h, and Vcr. - up to 250 / h. 

The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-22-2

For Ka-22 they were also willing to blades with higher efficiency and speed characteristics as would be increased: Vcr. = 270k / h. + 50k / h = 320k / h. Even with trapezoidal blades in fact he already had a high cruising speed, as evidenced by the crew: "... Rise," an aircraft ", a calm flight at a height of meters 1000 15 continuation minutes. Speed ​​up to 310 km / h. "
Rotorcraft Ka-22 designed for turboprops TV 2F capacity of 5900 hp each, but due to unavailability of such a series was launched with engines D-25V capacity of 5500l.s. As written Vl. Barshevsky: "The loss of 800 l. from. Equivalent 2, 5 tons of loss of traction, which is half of our capacity. Therefore, the most important task is to improving the rotors and mitigate losses ... ". (Vladimir Barshevsky "from within KB Vision").

They say that everything is learned in comparison, so it would not be superfluous to compare the Mi-6 and Ka-22: how profitable and useful a rotorcraft could be if N.I. Kamov was given the opportunity to bring it to an operational state with the subsequent launch into a series. A.P. Maslov and military helicopter pilot G.N. Mdivani said that Kamov dreamed of returning to the rotorcraft. The designer said that the cause of the Ka-22 disasters was poorly studied aerodynamics. It was important to select the screws of the required diameter (as the Americans did). And he also hoped to overcome the ill will and envy in the Minaviaprom, which prevented him from realizing his plan ... " 
In my opinion, the latter lies at the heart of the ban on this outstanding project: “In 1962, Nikolai Ilyich defended his doctoral dissertation on the totality of work completed, and M. L. Mile said that he was worthy of this degree for one rotorcraft. But all this happened later, in 10 years. ” 

The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-22-3

Today, the restoration of the arctic island. The boiler began with a Mi-26 helicopter. The flight distance from Tiksi airport to Kotelny is a little more than 500 km. So let's imagine the above mentioned aircraft on this route. In addition, to start a conversation on the Mi-6, there are official data from the textbook "Helicopter Mi-6A" (AF Vakhitov • BV Burov): 
“The weight of the transported cargo at a distance 500km. with take-off weight 42500kg ... 7516kg ". 
From here and we will begin: Mi-6 with Ka-22 are made of the same metal and with the same engines, it means their price is the same. Their maximum take-off weight is also the same: 42500kg. But the weight of the construction of a rotary-wing on the 1400kg is lighter and, accordingly, he would have taken the payload as much as the Mi-6, namely: 
7516kg 1400kg + = 8916kg.

And that's not all: the distance is 500 km. Mi-6 with V cr = 250 k / h will overcome in 2 hours of flight. Rotary wing at V cr. = 320 k / h. it will take a flight time of 25 min. less. With a fuel consumption of 2300 kg / h, the Ka-22 will consume 1000 kg of fuel. less, which will allow you to take a useful load of 1 ton. more, again:
8916kg + 1000kg = 9916kg. 

The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-22-4

Those. at the time Ka-22 per flight would be carrying a payload at a distance of ~ 500km 10t. and more Mi-6 on 2400kg. (9916kg -.. 7516kg), accounting for nearly one third of download Mi-6.
Later engine D-25V was boosted and got the prefix "F" to increase capacity on 1000l.s. Forced engines D-25VF received power at 6500kg. and mounted on the helicopter in-12. There can be no doubt that whether Ka-22 in operation - and he would work on these engines, and surely would have transported all 15t. payload.
Where did I get -15t. 

First, find out how many thrust rotors give Ka-22 on 1l.s. For max. takeoff weight rotorcraft is required to share in the take-off engine power:
42500kg: 11000l.s = 3,86kg / hp. For simplicity, rounded to 3,5kg / hp.
Now, the increased engine power take-off on 2000l.s. • 3,5 kg / hp = 7 000kg. Suppose in the rotorcraft weight improvements to fuel consumption structure will increase, while increase useful load not 7t and say to 5t. and for a total of 15t.
And Nikolay Ilyich Kamov and his disciple Sergey Viktorovich Mikheyev always brought their products to perfection and adjusted for the future growth engines of power, especially since Ka-22 initially calculated on the more powerful engines 2F TV. Let me remind you that the record carrying capacity Ka-22 = 16350kg.
 

The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-22-5

By price.

The Mi-26 helicopter costs four times more than the Mi-6 helicopter (read Ka-22). Suppose that in the process of improvements (a forced engine, the probability of replacing 4-blade propellers with five-blade propellers, etc.), the Ka-22 would rise in price, after which it would cost not 4 times, but three times cheaper than the Mi-26 helicopter, which , by the way, in terms of speed characteristics it practically does not differ from its predecessor Mi-6. For a flight from a / p Tiksi to about. The boiler room will take him the same 2 hours and he will transport the cargo 2,5 times more than the Mi-6. Ka-22 with D-25VF engines (total power -13.000hp) in this case would carry at least 15 tons of payload, and Mi-26 -20 tons. Now suppose that each of them is tasked with removing 60 tons of cargo from a / p Tiksi on about. Boiler room. 
The Mi-26 helicopter will carry this cargo of 20 tons per flight in 3 flights. Its roundtrip flight time is 4 hours. on 3 flights will spend: 4 hours • 3 flights = 12 hours.

 

The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-22-6

 

If the cost of a flight hour is 600 rubles / hour, the customer will pay for his work: 
600 rubles / hour • 000 hours = 12 rubles. (Price per flight hour for 7.200).
A rotorcraft for transportation of 60 tons with a single load of 15 tons will require 4 flights. Its flight time = 1 hour 35 minutes, i.e. there and back it will take time = 3 hours 10 minutes, and for 4 flights = 12 hours 40 minutes, for simplicity of counting - we will round up to 13 hours. 
The Ka-22 is 26 times cheaper than the Mi-3, hence 600 rubles / hour: 000 = 3 rubles / hour, i.e. for 200, the cost of a rotorcraft flight hour could be equal to 000 r / h. 
Now is the time to calculate: how much it would cost transportation 60 tons of cargo rotorcraft Ka-22.:
200 rubles / hour • 000 hours = 13 rubles.

The difference between 7 rudders and 200 rudders is IMPRESSIVE!
Strange progress: technical - Yes, but economic returns - a complete regression! But the current leaders of the Russian Helicopters holding praise themselves: our Mi-26 is the most lifting in the WORLD! This is true, but this is not enough for a serial helicopter, and if the outstanding M.L. Mil constantly improved his products to increase the economic return of helicopters, the "commanders" of the holding only praise their stagnation in helicopter construction, and the general. construct MVZ A.G. Samusenko predicts the Mi-8 helicopter will work for another 50 years (A.G. Samusenko. The film "The Magnificent Eight").

The realities of the Mi-6 and rotorcraft Ka-22-7

The rotorcraft was removed from further modifications after two disasters, the cause of which is not fully understood. There is not the slightest doubt that the Ka-22 N.I. Kamov would be improved and would become a reliable machine in operation.
Along the way, we remembered not less than the catastrophes in the tests of our outstanding Tu-95 and Su-24 bombers, which, during the development, also carried away more than one life of test pilots before becoming OUTSTANDING, but today they have their hard work with dignity and honor to protect our Motherland !! Su-24 in Syria, and Tu-95 - around the world: "Bears" were seen off the coast of Britain, California, and also near Japan and Alaska. These are observation missions, but their main goal, the publication believes, is "to remind other countries that Russia is still capable of sending nuclear bombers to their airspace."
Although the Tu-95 is not a stealth aircraft and vulnerable to modern means of air defense, with cruise missiles on board he did not need to approach the air defense systems, the article said.

"Venerable" Bear "is well suited for transporting heavy cruise missiles and close monitoring of the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic, especially when stealth is not only unnecessary for the mission, but also contrary to its objective", - NI said. (National Interest: Tu-95 help Russia "troll" other countries 05.09.2016.) ».

Vitaly Belyaev specifically for Avia.pro

I Do not like Hlico too much near the Ennemy

so maybe it makes sense to re-create the Ka-22 and B-12 on a new technological basis today (really, nothing has changed with 1960-CHG.), especially since the bourgeois tiltrotor started to do, and 22-th and 12-th to them like, just do not change the position of the screws.

Pages

Blog and articles

upstairs