Yakovlev Yak-18. Nanchang CJ-5 / 6.

USSR / China

A type: single-engine piston training aircraft initial training and aerobatic aircraft

Crew: two pilots, arranged one behind the other, one pilot (Yak-18G1M) or two pilots, arranged side by side, and two passengers (Yak-18T airplane)

Designed on the basis of pre-war aircraft UT-2, Yak-18 from the beginning built as a specialized base uchebnotrenirovochny plane for the Soviet Air Force. The first production aircraft entered service in the Soviet Union in 1947 year. In 1955 it was presented to the Yak-18U, distinguished by a longer fuselage and tricycle landing gear poluubirayuschimsya. There was also increased angle V-wing cross, but, despite a significant increase in weight, the aircraft still equipped with outdated radial engine M-11FR designer Shvetsova.

Problems with the power shortage were solved with the appearance of the Yak-1957A aircraft in 18, which was distinguished by the AI-14P engine designed by Ivchenko, which was closed by a new hood. In parallel with the modification of the Yak-18A, the single-seat flight modification Yak-18P was developed, the first of which took off in 1961. By this time, licensed production of a CO-5 aircraft was started in China, followed by improved CO-5 / 6 aircraft (the total number of the last aircraft was more than 1500 copies). The last modification, which got into the production of the company Yakovlev, was the four-seater aircraft Yak-18T, which appeared in 1967 year.

Yakovlev Yak-18. Nanchang CJ-5 / 6.

This aircraft had the layout of the pilots side by side, and the same scheme for passengers behind the pilot. Production of the initial training aircraft Yak-18 was stopped at the end of the year after delivery 1967 6760 aircraft, many of which were exported. Production of the Yak-18T lasted until the end of 1980-ies was built 1000 copies. An unexpected turn of events - from year 1993 Smolensk aircraft plant again started production of Yak-18T.

Modifications

Yak-18, Yak-18-2 - prototype aircraft made in 1946 city, equipped with engines M-11FM (M-12) and M-11FR-1.
Yak-18 serial - produced in 1947. Same in construction as the second prototype Yak-18-2, that is, it has a tail wheel and an engine M-11FR-1. The serial model was repeatedly upgraded (the engine was replaced with M-11FR, new screws were installed, navigation instruments and radio equipment, etc.) were changed. The construction was carried out at the Leningrad Aviation Plant No. 272, Kharkov Aviation Plant No. 135, Arseniev Aircraft Plant No. 116. The main production was the plant number 272. After the reorientation of the Leningrad aircraft factory for the production of serial Yak-11, the main production Yak-18 was assigned to the 116 plant. Various sources give their data on the number of built Yak-18. They range from 3752 to 4830 pieces.

Yakovlev Yak-18. Nanchang CJ-5 / 62

Yak-18 with fixed landing gear cross - processed series of Yak-18, which were tested in 1947 and 1949 years.
Yak-18 M-12 - improved model, which received the holding of production aircraft completions in Kharkov in 1949, the car had a new engine M-12 190 hp power, which had a cylindrical hood instead fairings cylinders. Flight tests of this model was successfully completed in noyabre1950 With the new engine, the flight characteristics of the aircraft improved. After the appearance of a more powerful engine AI-14R in 1951, the work on the Yak-18 / 12 M-stopped. During operation of the trial version was used for carrying out experiments on the effectiveness of tricycle fixed landing gear.
Yak-18U - the first serial modification with the nose wheel of the chassis. The first copy was received in 1951 from the serial Yak-18, factory tests were carried out at the end of 1951, and state tests were carried out at the beginning of 1952. The bow support of the chassis is retracted, and the main ones are pressed forward to the wing. The increase in the mass of the aircraft adversely affected the flight characteristics of the machine. The first batch of serial aircraft in the number 20 pieces released in 1954 year. They were sent for military trials. Their results impressed the military. Cadets mastered all the skills of air navigation. They could be freely planted on combat fighters, bypassing training at the Yak-11. The aircraft began to be produced serially at the plant No. 116 from January 1955, and up to 1957 here 960 copies were built.
Yak-18T - modernization of the Yak-18U, which was equipped with additional equipment, allowing operation in any weather conditions. They cadets pilots could master the technology blind landing. The increased weight of the aircraft, as a consequence, deteriorated performance characteristics. Commercially not produced, and the name was a completely different plane.
Yak-18A - the third in a row and the main modernization of the aircraft, launched in the series. It was made much more qualitatively due to the larger engine power. The first sample was a motor AI-14P, whose power was 220 hp. (Later - 260 hp). The beginning of the design is 1956. The first name is "modified Yak-18", then it was called Yak-20, and since 1957 - Yak-18. In the design of the aircraft a heavy nine-cylinder engine is used. The cabin, glider and control system have been significantly changed. New navigation and radio equipment was installed. Although the flight mass and increased in comparison with the Yak-18U, the LTX improved. It was possible to perform a "controlled barrel". The first sample successfully completed the factory tests in 1956 g, state - in the first quarter of 1957. The first production vehicle left the conveyor at the end of 1957. Different sources submit their data on the date of completion of the serial production of the Yak-18A aircraft. Some call 1960, others 1964 year. In the course of production, changes were practically not made. The aircraft had a resource of 3 thousand flight hours.

Yakovlev Yak-18 3

Yak-18P - Single aerobatic plane, based at the Yak-18A. At the beginning of production, in 1957 year, I referred to as the Yak-18A. Commercialized. It Soviet athletes often participated in competitions not only domestic but also international. Then based on it were built version of the Yak-Yak-18PS and 18PM that have undergone major structural changes.

Basic data

dimensions (modification of the Yak-18A):

Length: 8,53 m
Wingspan: 10,6 m
Height: 3,35 m

The weight:

BLANK: 1025 kg
Maximum take-off: 1316 kg

Aircraft performance characteristics:

Maximum speed: 263 km / h
Range: 1015 km

Power point: M-11FR designer Shvetsova (Yak-18 / 18U), AI-14R designer Ivchenko (Yak-18A / 18P), AI-14RF designer Ivchenko (Yak-18PM / FP), M-14P designer Vedeneyeva (Yak -18T), "Huosay» (Huosai) 6A (licensing failure of the engine AI-14FR) company "Zhuhai» (Zhuzhou SMPMC)

Power: 160 l. from. (119 kW), 260 l. from. (193 kW), 300 l. from. (223 kW), 395 l. from. (294 kW) and 285 l. from. (213 kW), respectively,

Date of first flight: