Yak-19
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Yak-19

Yakovlev Yak-19

 

Yak-19, which is the codification of NATO called Type 7, is an experimental fighter aircraft development Yakovlev fuselage with the scheme. Also, this is the first all-metal fighter Yakovlev development. The first flight took place in the early 1947 2, the total manufactured copies.

According to the requirements of the government several OKB started to develop a new fighter with the engine design cradles the TR-1. In addition to the Yakovlev Design Bureau. Yakovlev Design Bureau began work Lavochkin OKB Mikoyan OKB Alekseev and Sukhoi.

Design and development Yakovlev Yak-19

The car was required to be presented for flight tests on 29.10.1946/50/19. The design of the fighter was given only 3 days. The design of the Yak-19 was developed by 482 chief engineers. At the initial stage of work on the Yak-1946 was headed by L.M.Shekhter, then N.K.Skrzhinsky was put in his place, after which, already in the pre-test period, this responsibility fell on the shoulders of L.L.Selyakov. The latter moved to the Yakovlev design bureau from OKB-XNUMX in XNUMX.

Yak-19

During the development of the fighter, the designers decided to abandon the redirected scheme, which was used on the Yak-15 and Yak-17. It was replaced by a fuselage (classic) design. The fighter became the first in the vastness of the Soviet Union with a similar scheme, then it was taken as the standard in the production of fighters. Also, this aircraft became the first all-metal aircraft created in the Yakovlev Bureau. 27.10.1946/19/XNUMX he was given the designation Yak-XNUMX.

Airframe Yakovlev Yak-19

As part of the armament Yak-19 received two cannons Sh-3-23 caliber 23 mm, designed by the designer BG. Shpitalny. The ammunition of each gun installation is 75 shells. It was on the Yak-19 that these guns passed state tests. The wing of the aircraft had a trapezoidal shape, a straight, double-spar, medium-spaced. Wing profile laminar, thin, had a relative thickness of 12%. In the wing fittings, the flaps of the TsAGI were used, which became the modified versions of the Fowler flap, and the ailerons of the Freize type. The cockpit was not sealed. As part of its armored part was 57 mm armored glass, 6 mm armor plate, 8 mm armored plate on the catapulted armchair. The chassis of the airplane was made three-way, retractable. Inside the fuselage, 2 fuel tanks were placed, the capacity of which was 815 liters of fuel.

Equipment Yakovlev Yak-19

Yak-19 equipped with radiopolukompasom RPKO-10M, the defendant "friend or foe" mid-3, 1200-GSK generator, battery 12-A-10, 22-fotokinopulemёtom PAHs and oxygen device KP-14 with a cylinder capacity of 2 l radio RSI- 6.

Tests Yakovlev Yak-19

Despite the fact that the structure of the aircraft had to use a large mass of innovative technical solutions, it still managed to build as quickly as possible. Work on the creation of the first instance has already ended November 29 1946 of Getting off the assembly line, the plane was immediately sent to the passage Khodinka ground test phase.

12.12.1946/19/8.01.1947 after the first taxiing and testing the systems on board the Yak-25 fire broke out, which resulted in minor damage to the aircraft. After repair on 19/XNUMX/XNUMX, the car was first lifted into the air by test pilot M.I. Ivanov. At the same time, an afterburner designed specifically for the Yak-XNUMX fighter was tested at the B-XNUMXJ flying laboratory.

Yak-19

1.05. 1947 3000 the plane at an altitude of meters for the first time performed a flight in afterburner, and the rate increased by 90 km / h.

At the beginning of the summer of 1947, test pilot S.N. Anokhin began to conduct flight tests of the Yak-19D backup. The main difference between the second car and the first copy was the presence of fuel tanks on the wing tips with a total capacity of 200 liters. In total, during the factory tests, 27 sorties were made on the Yak-19 and 37 on the Yak-19D. The total flight duration of experimental fighters was 23,5 hours.

3.08.1946 aircraft was demonstrated at the Tushino air parade and 2 months later transferred to the Air Force Institute for passing state tests, which started in October 17. Lead engineer was appointed VP Belodedenko, pilot - AG Proshakov.

In the final act of the state commission for passing the test experts identified a number of errors related to the complexity of managing post-combustion fuel, a lot of effort from the ailerons on RUS, lack of cabin heating and ventilation systems, insufficient armor pilot. Because such a vast number of design flaws Yak-19 was not recommended for mass production and formulation adopted.

Yakovlev Yak-19 characteristics:



Modification   Yak-19
Wingspan, m   8.70
Aircraft Length m   8.36
Wing area, m2   13.50
Weight, kg  
  empty aircraft   2192
  normal takeoff   3000
  maximum take-off   3350
engine's type   1 TRD RD-10F
Link unforced, kgf   1100
Maximum speed km / h   907
Combat range, km   550
Crew   1
Armament:   two 23 mm W-3 guns with 150 cannon cartridges

 

warplanes

For one "most-most" aircraft in the model range of products of any designer, there are always several machines that have not become widely known, made in single units, but without which the leader could not have taken place. Yak-19 - one of the projects OKB-115, laid and implemented by A.S. Yakovlev in the first post-war five years, and remained experimental. Released in only two copies, not accepted for production due to unavoidable shortcomings, the machine, nevertheless, can not be called unsuccessful. Much of this machine has been tested for the first time. The Yak-19 fighter is the first all-metal Yakovlev aircraft. Also, a transition was made to the fuselage layout, which became a classic, for the deployment of the turbojet engine, which in itself provided a significant improvement in the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft. Together with the engines, Yakovlev dealt with the issues of increasing the speed and takeoff and landing characteristics, taking over the development, creation and testing of the first afterburner at the Yak-19. Another innovation was the installation of a catapult chair for the pilot. Having surpassed the speed of the Yak-15 by more than 100 km / h and reduced the take-off / mileage by an average of 22%, the Yak-19 aircraft confirmed the correctness of the design bureau's transition to reactive engineering.

I have an active interest in aviation, both in our country and other countries and can say with certainty that this aircraft is the first Soviet jet fighter, which was made in the classical scheme of the structure of the body. Before the model Yak-19 jets is pleased to have the scheme, which was not very high quality and had many shortcomings. This machine has a long history of its creation, but it still takes pride of place in the line aircraft Yakovlev.

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