Yak-24
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Yak-24

Helicopter Yakovlev Yak-24

 

The helicopter Yak-24 designed for extremely short time: from the beginning of the preparation of conceptual design (October 1951 g) until the first lift in the air (July 1952 g) passed 9 months. This is despite the fact that a similar design for his "Piasecki H-16» built entire 7 years 1946 from 1953 on year.

 

In the USSR, experimental work on the creation of helicopters was conducted from the beginning of the 30-ies. Various design teams created original models of rotorcraft. They made trial flights, in some cases showing good characteristics, but as a whole were very imperfect and unfit for practical use. By the beginning of the 50-x, the Soviet leadership was not satisfied with the USSR's lagging behind other countries in the helicopter industry. The situation was aggravated by the fact that the US and NATO countries widely used helicopters for military purposes. During the war on the Korean peninsula, helicopters that were in service with the US Army were used. Helicopters, sitting on small plots of land and taking off from them, hovering in the air, in the plans of the military were obliged to compensate for the inherent shortcomings of the aircraft.

Yak-24

Stalin, having learned about the widespread use of helicopters potential enemy armies, appealed to leading aircraft manufacturers. During the debate on the construction assignment we received two design bureaus: Mil and Yakovlev.

 

The device at the stage of design, development and manufacturing has changed several names. Last sounded like "product W". For this experimental device designers chose the original twin screw coaxial scheme. Experience in the design of such machines as no one had. Developed the theory of mechanics coaxial screw did not even exist. Everything had to start from scratch. The design of the helicopter repeatedly processed. The tail assembly is set, then shot. After two years without achieving significant results, we turned to the project.

 

In February 1948 years begun to establish helicopter Yak-100. It was made according to the classic single-rotor scheme. Through the year 2 the machine has successfully passed the state tests. However, serial production was launched Mi-1 KB M. Mile, showed higher performance characteristics. After a meeting in the Kremlin 24.09.1951 Yakovlev Design Bureau started work on transport and assault helicopters unique to that time flight data and load capacity of 4 tons.

Yak-24 scheme

Designers abandoned the classical scheme and design steel unit with two longitudinally extending along the fuselage axis rotors. These machines primarily in the Soviet Union did not build and do not even develop experimental samples. The project received the designation Yak-24. After weeks 2, 5.10.195, issued a decree of the Council of Ministers, where Mil is also instructed to create a single-rotor Mi-4. The government required that the main components and assemblies of new helicopter: rotors, engines, gearboxes, control system - were interchangeable or identical.

 

The development was carried out on the basis of broad cooperation with the involvement of several research organizations, including the Central hydrodynamic Institute Zhukovsky, Central Institute of Aviation Materials and All-Union Institute of Aeronautical Engineering. The development of the basic units and their arrangement on both equipment design bureau conducted jointly. Good coordination will complete the design work as soon as possible.

Yak-24

3.07.1952 held the first ten-minute test flight. The pilots noted increased vibration indices and vertical "shaking". The consequence of this was the discovery of defects associated with the strength of the structure - there were cracks and destruction of individual components. After shortening the rotor screws by 500 mm, "shaking" as such was not observed. Yak-24 became the first in the Soviet Union twin-screw helicopter, based on the longitudinal layout of the screws. And in the period of 1953-1957 years - the largest device of this class in the world. It had the world's highest payload and engine performance.

 

The high performance characteristics of the Yak-24 1955 confirmed in December, when it established the world records 2 duty. The behavior of the machine in flight was sustained, the engine runs reliably. According to the technique of piloting the Yak-24 appeared available to any pilot of average skill. In 1955, the helicopter took the Soviet Air Force. It could put military equipment and 19 paratroopers with full equipment. Also, a helicopter was used in the national economy.

Yak-24

The Yak-year 1959 24 helicopters took part in the large-scale exercises of the member countries of the Warsaw Pact in the Kiev region and on the territory of the GDR. During the exercise, the Yak-24 helicopters carried out flights on the route Moscow - Berlin and Moscow - Kyiv.

 

In addition to the military, there were civilian modification of the helicopter "flying crane", "comfortable passenger liner". Altogether during the series production it was released about a hundred vehicles of this type. In the decade of operation the helicopter had not been subjected to the loss of life wrecks.

Yak-24 characteristics:



Modification   Yak-24
Diameter of the main rotor, m   X 2 20.2
Length m   21.34
Weight, kg  
  empty   10607
  normal takeoff   14270
  maximum take-off   16800
engine's type   2 PD Shvetsov ASH-82В
power, kWt   X 2 1268
Maximum speed km / h   173
Cruising speed, km / h   150
Ferry range, km   1300
Practical range, km   650
Range with maximum load, km   255
Practical ceiling, m   5000
Static ceiling, m   2700
Crew   3
Payload:   30 soldier or 18 stretcher or 4000 kg of cargo

 

Helicopters

The helicopter Yak 24 was carried out in the shortest possible time.
The first sketches appeared in October 1951 years, and the first flight took place in July 1952 years.
The catalyst for the emergence of a large transport helicopter longitudinal scheme served Piasecki helicopters. The main thing was the designer of the Yak 24 IA Ehrlich. The development of the local helicopter 24h his group began in September 1951 years, and in October it was decided to Government about the construction of prototypes and production in Leningrad in Saratov.
Another unique aspect in the construction of this device can be considered that the workers of another CB participated in this project.
The fact that both UC 24 were developing helicopter MI 4 project with similar characteristics., And, Marie felt it necessary that the basic components of these helicopters were identical or interchangeable.
Design of the two helicopters was based on broad mutual cooperation with the involvement of various research institutes. Many important issues in the design of both machines were discussed and solved together, and the execution of drawings of some parts for Yak 24 undertook experts KB Mil. After that, the Leningrad prototype helicopter was built, then in Saratov has released the first production Yak 24.
Serial Yak 24 used in three versions: the troop, transport and sanitary.
There were a few interesting modifications, such pipelayer, but he did not go in the series., Although showing good results on tests.

I've been interested in aircraft construction for a long time, namely Yakovlev's OKB and I can tell a lot about each model. But the Yak-24 model contrasts with the versatility and designers of this KB. Because to build such a machine in a short time and at the same time to manufacture only aircraft, you need to have a huge talent. Working with the literature on this model, I never ran into crashes or accidents related to this device, in addition, he is the owner of several world records. In the end, I can add that this is a magnificent aircraft, which was actively used in various industries.

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