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Emergency and rescue means airplanes

Emergency and rescue means airplanes

 

For quick and safe descent to land passengers in the event of an emergency landing on unequipped area or emergency situation on the ground in the civil aviation aircraft with high location of the fuselage used inflatable evacuation slides TH-2 (Tu-104A, Tu-104B, Il 62, 154-Tu), TN-3 (IL-18, Tu-134), TN-5 (Tu-114 aircraft). Inflatable slides are placed on a plane near the front doors.

The inflatable ladder is a gutter consisting of two longitudinal inflatable "beams" interconnected by transverse cylinders. The free space between the longitudinal "beams" and transverse cylinders is closed with a rubberized fabric cloth glued onto them. Thus, it turns out to be a rather rigid tray, along which the passengers and crew are sliding down. Circular chambers are glued to the upper part of the longitudinal “beams”, which serve as handrails at the exit to the ramp, and three inflatable chambers are glued to the upper part of the transverse cylinder, forming the threshold of the ladder and thus protecting passengers from bruises on the threshold of the doorway. Two are attached to the ladder strap with lugs (brackets), which gangway is fixed under the threshold of the doorway of the aircraft.

Depending on the type (TH-2, TH-3, TH-5), inflatable emergency drains have different lengths in the working position (from 4250 to 7760 mm) and are filled with carbon dioxide from cylinders with a capacity 8 l. The tightness of the inflatable ladder allows you to use it within 30 min, after which the ladder gradually loses its! rigidity. Trap weight in the case (without cylinder and sleeve) from 20 (TH-3) to 30 kg (TH-5). The weight of one cylinder filled carbon dioxide, equal to 16 kg, including the weight of carbon dioxide  5 kg. The maximum pressure in the ladder 0,45 atm, the filling time of the ladder 20 — 25 seconds. The packing cover of the gangway is fastened with the help of conical pins and studs (according to the type of parachute package); it has additional lacing for tightening the gangway in the cover in the bag.

Inflatable emergency ladder greatly speeds up the evacuation of passengers from the aircraft in case of emergency. Available on airplanes cloth trough also serve for the rapid evacuation of passengers from the aircraft. In the presence of inflatable evacuation slides on the Tu-114 rescue chute cloth used as a redundant means of salvation. Tu-Tu-104 and 124 rescue chute fabric are the main means of rapid evacuation of passengers to the ground.

The application of the aviation rescue inflatable ladder and rescue chute is given in the figures, diagrams and special instructions.

Using inflatable ladder TN:

  • 1. Place the ladder in the cover on the threshold of the doorway.
  • 2. Fasten the ends of the ladder straps in the knots of the doorway threshold and push the ladder with a cover outward.
  • 3. Pull the pins out of the cover pins with a cable, after which the cover will open and the ladder will fall out on the ground.
  • 4. Turn the cylinder shutter handle. The ladder will be filled with gas.
  • 5. Go down the ladder to one or two members of the aircraft crew and insure passengers on the ground when they get off the ladder.

If a strong crosswind one or two crew members descend on a rope from the bosses (nodes) to the ground and pulled the bottom of the stairs from the plane during filling, preventing the demolition of the ramp under the plane.

To ensure the rescue of passengers and crew in the event of a forced landing on water in civil aviation are provided individual and group boats.

For individual flotation devices are lifejackets HOAs-63P, which are designed to maintain a person afloat after leaving the aircraft and before landing it on a group boat (inflatable aviation life rafts), or other means of salvation (boats, boats, boats, passing ships, helicopters, etc. . P.).

Vest HOAs-63P

Vest HOAs-63P

The waistcoat ASJ-63P has the form of a breastplate, consists of two inflatable chambers and is filled with gaseous carbon dioxide from a balloon. A waistcoat is put on the neck through the hole and fixed on the belt with the help of a nylon braid. The weight of the vest is 950 G. The vest material is a two-layer rubberized fabric of yellow color. Filling with carbon dioxide takes place over 5-7 sec. To inflate the waistcoat, the mouth has two tubes with mouthpieces and valves. The waistcoat has a signaling equipment - a warning light, powered by a battery with a water feature, and a signal whistle for signaling in the dark and fog. To bring the battery cell into action, it is necessary to pull out the plugs covering the holes in the battery in the water. Regardless of the condition of the person in the water, the vest supports him face up. The waistcoat allows you to turn over on your chest and swim in any way, if necessary. The waistcoat ASJ-63P can support two people afloat. One person wearing a waistcoat will be able to keep afloat another person without a lifejacket.

liferaft

It includes a group floating craft inflatable liferafts SP-12, 10-PSN, PSN-in calculated respectively 12,10, 6 people. Capacity rafts SP-12, PSN-10, 6-PSN, respectively equal to 1300, 1400, 1000 kg. Weight rafts SP-12, 10-PSP, PSN-6, manned equipment, respectively, equal to 65, 70,47 kg. Made life rafts from two- and three-layer ^ diagonalno- duplicated rubberized fabric of orange and yellow. Rules rafts to bring to the working position and use them applied to the outer shell of the raft and the raft on the inside the tent, as well as special instructions. Currently LAS 5M-2 Boat universally replaced -naduvnymi rafts with awning.

 

 

ACCOMMODATION rescue means on an airplane when flying over water

In accordance with the domestic and foreign practice, the development and application of aircraft rescue means civil aircraft when flying over water have life jackets for each passenger and crew member on board the aircraft are located so that each passenger and crew member can easily get it out of his seat. Typically, aviation life vests are located under the seats near the passenger seats and jobs crew, including flight attendants.

All aircraft when flying over water at a distance from the coast, in addition to life jackets or equivalent devices have on board liferafts sufficient to accommodate all persons on board the aircraft. Liferafts are arranged so as to provide free access to them in case of an accident.

Rafts have rescue equipment (power tools and equipment for pyrotechnic distress signals: rocket, Pyrocartridges day and night, etc...).

Also rafts on board the aircraft when flying at a great distance from the coast, there are radio transmitters, impervious to water, netonuschie and easy-to-use out of the aircraft by persons who do not have skills. Life rafts and jackets are equipped with electric lights,

to facilitate detection of the accident victims. Life rafts and emergency radio transmitters are placed near the exits and emergency (emergency) hatches of the aircraft at the sites of attachment are placed in special compartments occupying the top lobbies and passenger compartments, or compartments, located in the wing.

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