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ICAO

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

 

ICAO is a specialized UN agency whose recognition protocol was signed by 1 in October 1947 and entered into force on 13 in May. 1948. ICAO is an international governmental organization. Initially, after the signing of the Chicago Convention, the Provisional International Civil Aviation Organization (PICAO) existed. After the entry into force of the April 4 of the Chicago Convention on April 1947 at the 1 session Assembly held in Montreal in May 1947 PICAO was renamed the ICAO. At the suggestion of the Government of Canada the location of the ICAO Headquarters in Montreal was chosen.

ICAO 1947

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The main objectives of ICAO, in accordance with the provisions of the Chicago Convention, are the issues of global significance to international civil aviation:

  • develop the principles and techniques of international air navigation;
  • foster the planning and development of international air transport so as to ensure the safe and orderly development of the international Civil Aviation;
  • the promotion of art and design of aircraft operation for peaceful purposes;
  • encourage the development of airways, airports and air navigation facilities for international GA;
  • meet the needs of the peoples of the world for safe, regular, efficient and economical air transport;
  • prevent economic waste caused by unreasonable competition;
  • ensure full respect of the rights of fair and for each of them opportunities to use the airline, engaged in international air traffic;
  • avoid discrimination in the relations between states;
  • ensuring the safety of international air navigation;
  • promoting the development of international civil aeronautics in all its aspects.

Composition and status of ICAO determined by the provisions of the Chicago Convention, which is, in fact, is the charter of ICAO. In accordance with the Chicago Convention, ICAO consists of the Assembly (Assembly), the Board (with the subordinate bodies) and Secretariat (Secretariat). The Council and the Secretariat headed by the President (President) of the Council and the Secretary-General (Secretary General), who are the main officials of ICAO.

ICAO 2015

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ICAO Assembly is composed of representatives of all Contracting States and a sovereign supreme body of ICAO. The Assembly is convened every three years (if there is no need for an extraordinary convocation). At the sessions of the Assembly details the work of ICAO, policymakers in the years ahead and approved the budget for the three-year period of activity by voting. Each Contracting State shall have one vote. Decisions of the Assembly are taken by majority vote (except in cases provided by the Chicago Convention).

The ICAO Assembly elects a Council, which consists of representatives of 33 Contracting States and is the governing body of the ICAO, which constantly directs its work in the period between the Assemblies. Elections to the ICAO Council are carried out in accordance with the requirements of the rotation provided for by the Chicago Convention and on the basis of adequate representation of the three groups of states, namely: those playing the leading role in air transport; Not included in the Council on a different basis, but making the greatest contribution to the provision of facilities for international civil air navigation; Not included in the Council on a different basis, but the election of which ensures representation in the ICAO Council of all major geographical regions of the world.

The Chicago Convention provides for cooperation between the Contracting States in ensuring the highest possible degree of uniformity in the rules adopted by the national aviation. To this end, the Council of ICAO endowed with regulatory powers which do not have similar governing bodies in other international organizations.

ICAO logo

ICAO Council is elected for three years its President, who does not have the right to vote and may be re-elected. The duties of the President are as follows:

  • collect Council meeting ICAO, the Air Transport Committee (Air Transport Committee) and the Air Navigation Commission (Air Navigation Commission);
  • to act as a representative of the Council; carry out on behalf of the functions assigned to it in the Council.

 

The functions of the Council of ICAO included (Article 54 Chicago Convention):

  • appointment and definition of the responsibilities of the Air Transport Committee, which is formed from among the members of the Board and shall be responsible to them;
  • the establishment of the Air Navigation Commission; the appointment of the Chief Executive Officer - General Secretary;
  • adoption of SARPs, which are issued as annexes to the Chicago Convention;
  • consideration of the recommendations of the Air Navigation Commission for the change and the adoption of SARPs in connection with the relevant measures provided for by the Chicago Convention, and others.

ICAO Council is empowered to convene the Assembly of ICAO.

Each committee or a specialized body meets ICAO ICAO Secretariat unit, staffed by persons selected on the basis of technical competence in the field. Personnel departments designed to provide technical and administrative assistance to representatives of the governments that make up the Council of ICAO, committees and specialized bodies.

Secretariat of ICAO, led by Secretary General, has five main divisions: the Air Navigation Bureau (Air Navigation Bureau), the Air Transport Department (Air Transport Bureau), the Office of Technical Cooperation (Technical Cooperation Bureau), the Legal Office (Legal Bureau), and the Administrative Office (Bureau of Administration and Services). The staff shall be recruited on a wide geographical basis, which provides international representation in its activities.

The ICAO works in close cooperation with other members of the UN community - governmental organizations, which are: the World Meteorological Organization, the International Telecommunication Union, the International Telecommunication Union, the Universal Postal Union Union, the World Health Organization, the International Labor Organization (International Labor Organization) and the International Maritime Organization (International Maritime Organization). In the events held by the ICAO, non-governmental organizations also take part: the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the International Council of Airports (ICA), the International Federation of the Association of Line Pilots (International Federation of Air Line Pilots Associations) , The World Tourism Organization (WTO) and other international organizations.

ICAO plate

International Standards (SARPs) for convenience of use are called the Annexes to the Chicago Convention. For the safety and regularity of international air navigation, the uniform application of the requirements included by the Contracting States in the International Standards is deemed necessary. According to Article 38 of the Chicago Convention, in the event of non-compliance with any International Standard, Contracting States are required to notify the ICAO Council of the differences between national aviation regulations, the practice of a State and the provisions of the International Standard.

Uniform application of the requirements included in the Recommended Practices is regarded as desirable in the interest of safety, regularity and efficiency of international air navigation. Although the Chicago Convention and does not impose any obligations in respect of Recommended Practice, the Council requested the ICAO Contracting States to notify differences not only with the international standards, but with the Recommended Practices.

ICAO released a series of technical publications, as well as special editions, which are not included in any of the series of technical publications (such as "Product of aeronautical charts ISAO" or "meteorological table".

Procedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS) are approved by the ICAO Council. Designed for worldwide use, they contain operational rules that have not yet been granted SARPs status, as well as materials of a more persistent nature that are considered too detailed to be included in the Annex, or subject to frequent changes and additions, and for which the process, According to the Chicago Convention, it would be too difficult. At present, there are four main PANS documents: Doc 4444 "Rules of flights and air traffic services"; Doc 8168 "Aircraft Flight Operations" (Volume 1 "Flight Operations Rules" and Tom 2 "Construction of Visual Flight and Instrument Flight Schemes"); Doc 8400 "Abbreviations and ICAO codes"; Doc 7030 "Additional regional rules".

All of the globe by the ICAO Council is divided into nine areas of air navigation:

  • 1. Africa and Indian Ocean (AIF);
  • 2. South-East Asia (SEA);
  • 3. European (EUR);
  • 4. North Atlantic (NAT);
  • 5. North American (NAM);
  • 6. South African (SAM);
  • 7. Caribbean (CAR);
  • 8. Middle East (MID);
  • 9. Pacific (PAC).

Additional regional rules (Supplementary Procedures - SUPPS) have the same status as PANS, but apply only in their respective regions. They are developed in consolidated form, since some of them apply to overlapping regions or are common to two or more regions.

Technical manuals that are prepared under the authority of the Secretary-General ICAO, provide guidance and information, developing and supplementing the International Standards, Recommended Practices and PANS, and serve to assist in their application.

Aeronautical Tany also prepared with the approval of the Secretary-General on the recommendations of ICAO regional air navigation meetings and decisions made by the Council of ICAO. They detail requirements for facilities and services for international air navigation in the respective regions, aeronautical ICAO. The Aeronautical plans are amended periodically to reflect changes in requirements and regulations related to the implementation of the recommended facilities and services.

Circulars ICAO, which is also produced with the approval of the Secretary-General ICAO, provide specific information of interest to Contracting States, including studies on technical subjects.

SARPs by ICAO

I am outraged by the actions of Aeroflot, Russia in servicing passengers. I am indignant at the laws on non-refundable tickets, which are a criminal offense against consumers. I resent the fact that World Associations do not react to these infringements of consumers' rights.
As proof of what has been said, I am sending my article "Non-refundable tickets are a criminal offense against consumers", Claim to court, Article: "Not admitting guilt" Where it is said that it is necessary to release air passengers from filing claims with airlines, obliging them to independently compensate for the damage caused, provided by the European Commission and the laws of other countries

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