In place of the piston aviation aircraft jet comes
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In place of the piston aviation aircraft jet comes

In place of the piston aviation aircraft jet comes

 

By the middle of the 1930-ies. It became clear that further increase in the flight speed of aircraft due to traditional methods (increasing the power of piston engines and improving the aerodynamic performance of aircraft) became impossible. By the beginning of the Second World War, the best military aircraft had already had a perfect aerodynamic shape, which was practically impossible to improve. On the planes there were installed motors, the power of which could not have been increased without excessive increase of the engine mass. At the end of World War II, the largest piston engine in the history of aviation was built in the United States of America (Leikoning); Its power was equal to 5000 l. from. With the increase in power, naturally, other indicators - the mass, dimensions, fuel consumption ... (and in this case one of the advantages is overlapped by a number of shortcomings) has increased immeasurably. Moreover, it is impossible to obtain high speeds close to the speed of sound on a piston plane. To increase the speed of the fighter from 650 to 1000 km / h, the power of the piston engine must be increased by 6 times.

In place of the piston aviation jet aircraft came. It was created and developed by its special way. It was not a simple replacement of the piston engine jet, and the establishment of a single - engine aircraft. Jet engines have advantages over piston in many respects: provide greater power (thrust) per unit weight, the transverse dimensions of the motor is smaller than the piston, can achieve high flight speeds.

World jet aircraft developed in accordance with the general laws of technology improvement - from simple to complex, from prototypes to perfect ones. The history of the evolution of jet aircraft has consistently passed through all stages of its development. When creating new models of aircraft and engines, everything that was created earlier, including in related fields of science, was fully used. It is no accident that the first and best examples of reactive technology appeared in countries where the traditions in the field of the development of science and technology were extremely strong, and the level of aviation industry

laziness of the previous period is very high (Germany). The greatest success in creating a jet aircraft made scientists and engineers from Germany, Italy, USA, England.

Even in 1938-1940 years. German scientists have developed jet engines Jumo-004A, BM-003A, BMW-028 and "Junkers", they were installed on the aircraft of special design. Flight testing of jet aircraft showed their prospects and the development of such technology. In 1939 in the UK has been designed, built and tested a jet engine Frank Whittle - "Whittle» W-1. Creating the perfect samples of jet engines it was preceded by extensive work of numerous groups of specialists.

 

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