Chkalov Aircraft
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Chkalov Aircraft

Chkalov's plane - TsAGI-25 (ANT).

 

Aircraft Valery Chkalov called model TsAGI-25 (3 letter ANT), which is made according to the scheme of all-metal nizkoplan with one engine. Cantilever design scheme of the device has achieved excellent flight performance. This machine was manufactured back in 1932, the team of designers Pavel Sukhoi, who worked on the project under the guidance of no less famous domestic designer Andrei Tupolev.

Chkalov Aircraft

Despite the fact that most of the aircraft at the time named after their designers, this machine is widely regarded as the aircraft Chkalov. This name was given after the aircraft flight Chkalov, who was able to reach the North Pole, and the priest flew to the city of Vancouver in the USA, and all this without landing. As for the route, he was initially against Chkalov flight over the pole, because a single-engined machine could not withstand the relatively harsh conditions of flight.

 

As for the aircraft itself, which was originally created by domestic designers, he and his flight performance were significantly different from those with which Chkalov managed to overcome such a huge path. Even the first flight models created have undergone a rather large modernization path, namely, a better carburetor was installed, and the surface of the apparatus was grinded, which reduced friction in flight and load on the engine. In addition, the aircraft was equipped with a reducer aircraft engine. All this positively affected the maximum flight range, so, the first car could overcome only 7,5 thousand km, and upgraded versions could fly without landing a path of 12,5 thousand kilometers.

Chkalov Aircraft

Before making travel between continents plane TsAGI-25 passed a series of tests on the reliability and endurance. So, even 1934, with the help of this model set a world record for the maximum range, which amounted to almost 12,4 thousand kilometers. But the flight was carried out purely on the mainland in the USSR.

 

It should be noted that the first flight to America was planned in the year 1935, was planned flight to the city of San Francisco, at the same time along the way to visit the North Pole. However, this expedition ended even in the Soviet Union, since the fault was detected engine, after which the pilots had to land the machine.

 

The first Chkalov expedition on this aircraft was carried out in July 1936. Chkalov was the commander, under his leadership was the co-pilot and navigator. Their first task was to overcome the distance of 9 thousand kilometers and land on a sand spit called Udd, it is in the Sea of ​​Okhotsk. This task was performed magnificently and without special complications. It was after this that the highest leadership drafted a plan for the flight to this US plane. But the decision of Stalin himself decided to make a flight across the North Pole. Departure on this route was carried out 18.06.1937 year from Moscow. The flight ended in success, due to this Chkalov and his team became the first people in the world who could overcome the distance between the continents by air on the plane. After their achievement, they began to design and build airplanes for safe flights across the ocean. But Chkalov's plane can truly be considered a pioneer in this direction of aviation.

 

Chkalov Aircraft Features

 

All the achievements of this aircraft were obtained, first of all, due to painstaking and long-term work of designers, who managed to achieve high flight performance and very long flight range. The most important part of the device is truly considered to be a very reliable engine, which Chkalov and his team did not disappoint when flying. As for the power plant itself, it was created by the brilliant designer A.A. Mikulin, which he designated as AM-34. When analyzing the merits of the Chkalov plane, one can not help but notice the huge wingspan. It reached an indicator of 34 meter, which is very much, but this has allowed to give the car more stability and reliability in flight. Despite the large wingspan, they were made of special corrugated duralumin, which was covered with a cloth on top, which greatly reduced the resistance during flight and, as a result, it allowed to reduce the load on the engine. It should be noted that the designers have done a lot to reduce the weight of the apparatus and to increase the lifting draft.

Chkalov Aircraft cabin

Due to the deep modernization, Chkalov's aircraft weighed only 4,2 tones, so this machine could raise the fuel reserve in 6 tons, which greatly increased the flight range. For better aerodynamics of the device, the designers placed all the fuel in the wing caissons. In the event of an emergency over open water areas, the car had the ability to drive out, which increased the safety of the crew. To ensure that the pilots were not lost at very long flights, the highest quality and reliable air navigation instruments were installed on the Chkalov aircraft. Also installed a powerful radio system for communication with the ground.

 

At this time the machine Chkalov aircraft can rightly be considered the most advanced machine in the world, because before such a flight could not be implemented yet anyone. On his return to his homeland of pilots at the airport met Stalin. For the work the way the entire crew of the ship Chkalovsky was awarded the highest award of the Hero of the Soviet Union. Chkalov was also posthumously awarded the Golden Star, which was handed to his heirs only 2004 year.

Valery Chkalov

As for the most legendary aircraft of Chkalov, it also exists at the moment as a museum piece. Not so long ago, the Nizhny Novgorod Aviation Plant repaired and restored this unit. The restoration of this model consists in the restoration of the paintwork and inscriptions on board. After the repair, the aircraft was sent back to the V.P. Chkalov. 

Who said that "Upon their return to their homeland, Stalin himself met the pilots at the airfield. For the journey, the entire crew of the Chkalovsk ship was awarded the high award of the Hero of the Soviet Union."
Read more on: http://avia.pro/blog/samolet-chkalova

This refers to a flight. Udd!

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