The aircraft short takeoff and landing
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The aircraft short takeoff and landing

The aircraft short takeoff and landing

The aircraft short takeoff and landing (SUVP) - plane, which requires the implementation of flight short length of the runway. The international definition of this type of aircraft is not given, but they all boil down to the regulation of distance run, run and obstacle height at the end of the runway.

Layout scheme

Most of the aircraft OHR designed for takeoffs and landings on unprepared sites, but some require a runway equipped, for example, De Havilland Canada DHC-7. Also, the majority of this type of aircraft are a part of the tail wheel chassis, but there are exceptions, such as Peterson 260SE, De Havilland Twin Otter, Quest Kodiak. Autogyros also apply to aircraft with CIP capabilities - capable of landing without run and have a take-off a short run-up.

For a particular type of aircraft Required runway length is dependent on the square of stall speed, so the design work in creating SUVP reduced to decrease this rate. The low drag and a large thrust-to quickly get off the ground. During the execution of the landing run, the unit reduces the action of the powerful brakes and low landing speed, less common use for this thrust reverser and spoilers. Belonging to the aircraft type is determined by the higher of the OHR two distances: run and run.

Also, the aircraft's ability to avoid collisions with obstacles such as power lines and trees during landing and take-off plays a significant role. When taking off, this is facilitated by a weak frontal resistance and thrust-weight ratio of the apparatus. When landing to increase the drag, flaps and a special technique of piloting are used - slip, in which, using the helm of the direction, the aircraft flies slightly "lag". Thus, the increased frontal resistance contributes to a steep drop without speed dialing, because of which the mileage would be increased.

Typically OHR plane in relation to the own weight has a large area of ​​the wings. Wing often equipped with aerodynamic devices: turbulence, sliding and slotted slats. Development of the aircraft with high-performance CIP leads to a reduction of its maximum speed, but does not affect the change of payload.

For such aircraft it is an important indicator of capacity, because for some small communities they are the only link with the outside world, such as the northern regions of Alaska or Canada.

Most of the aircraft are able to carry out the OHR landing on an unprepared surface. The usual place for the landing of such devices - ice or snowy area (on the ski chassis), pebble river banks, meadows (in the broad low-pressure aircraft tires), surface water (on floats). Such areas usually blocked by tall trees or hills and very short. The chassis of these aircraft often presents the combined type: wheeled float or wheeled cross, which gives the pilot the freedom to choose the landing site.

The most common aircraft production in the USSR with the OHR capabilities - An-2. Its design is braced biplane with tailwheel. Based on information fliers, aircraft can be operated in the air at a speed of 590 km / h.

Kits OHR

The US company produces special modification kit, which improves takeoff and landing capabilities of the aircraft. In the US, the small aircraft is well developed and very common, so the installation of these kits - a popular service. The set may consist of leading edge fairing, hovering ailerons, wing tips, seals cracks mechanization, aerodynamic ridges, automatic balancing of the pitch, turbulence.

Examples of aircraft OHR

 

 

  • Dornier Do 228.

  • Piper J-3 Cub.

  • Cessna 172.

  • An-28.

  • An-2.

  • De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter.

Classification of aircraft:


А

Administrative plane

Б

Bomber

В
Military transport aircraft

Air carrier

Г
The hybrid airship
Seaplane

Hypersonic aircraft

Д

twin-boom aircraft

И
Fighter

Fighter-bomber

К
counterinsurgency aircraft

Kosmoplan

Л

Flying Submarine

О

The orbital plane

П
Passenger plane
dive-bomber

Generation jet fighter

Р
missile carrier
rocketglider
Reactive plane

Regional aircraft

С
VTOL
Aircraft maintenance
The aircraft short takeoff and landing
Aircraft reconnaissance
Supersonic aircraft
High-speed bomber

Strategic bomber

Т
torpedo-boat

Transport aircraft

У
narrow-body aircraft
Training and combat aircraft

Training aircraft

Ш
wide-body aircraft
attack plane

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