Tu-14
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Tu-14

Tupolev Tu-14

 

Tu-14, which is the codification of NATO called "boatswain" - Soviet jet torpedo bomber.

History Tu-14

Work on the design of the Tu-14 (original name - the "project 73») began in January 1947 at OKB. Tupolev. He became the first aircraft in the world, available in two basic arrangement TRD "Ning-1» and subsidiary "Derwent-V». Equipped with imported engines, which produces the British company "Rolls-Royce". Some time later they were replaced by Soviet counterparts - motors RD and RD-45-500. The first modification that went into serial production, it was equipped with domestic engines.

Tu-14 scheme

On state tests of the plane did not show a sufficiently high level, and OKB. Tupolev began to refine and upgrade projects. It was decided to lift with the construction of the third auxiliary engines and equipment in its place another pressurized cabin. Also in the course of modernization of the engines replaced with new VC-1 design EDO V. Klimov. The new machine had to test to 1951 years, state tests were successful, and the plane put on combat duty in the ranks of the Soviet Air Force.

Interesting was the fact that the creation of the Tu-14 conducted in fierce competition with OKB. Ilyushin. Last on its own initiative designed bomber Il-28Which according to some characteristics superior Tupolev machine. As a result, both aircraft were put into service. However, from the "land" aircraft received orders mainly on IL-28. Tu-14 only fly the flag of the Navy as a base torpedo and reconnaissance. In the history of production at the plant № 39 89 was manufactured serial Tu-14. Operation conducted them until 1957, the further they were transferred to the reserve.

The design of the Tu-14

The fuselage of the Tu-14 made of semi-monocoque type, divided into 6 compartments, two were pressurized cabin, air supply which comes from the engine compressors. In the middle part of the fuselage, which was unsealed, were rubber fuel tanks 8, 6 of them were self-sealing. Bomb bay was in a position between the 14 and 30 shpaungotov numbers. It was equipped with a hydraulic drive with side flaps. Before the bomb bay made a special cut-out where to put an antenna on-board radar and its walls polystyrene fairing.

Tu-14 fell

The second pressurized compartment at the bottom of the hatch had. In this area, it was taken by radio and electrical equipment. From under the hatch out brake flap. On the starboard side of the aircraft placed container boat LAS 3M, was given to the lower part of the door and drag chute container.

Access to the cabin radio operator was carried out through the bottom hatch, the bailout was made through him, too. In the event of an emergency landing on the left hand side of the cabin provided an escape hatch. Rear fuselage defended gun HP-23.

Wing dvuhlonzheronnoe, trapezoidal, had a box-like structure. It consisted of the center section and two detachable parts. Wing stationed 14 soft fuel tanks. Also, it consisted of landing flaps, which were issued and retracted under the influence of the hydraulic system. On the right aileron trim was set.

After harvesting the third engine in the base of the keel remade forkil, and this decision has led experts in a light shock, because from a functional point of view, it was pointless and useless. Furthermore, such a move even complicated device off in strong crosswind, and in flight gave excessive directional stability.

Tu-14

Steering Tu-14 has been a part of the weight and aerodynamic compensation and trimmers. Socks stabilizer and fin were equipped with anti-icing electrical systems, which have been a constant feature of the keel and the alternate heating - consoles stabilizer. Since warm-tail took about half of the on-board power, then turn it on, it was recommended only when the two aviageneratorov.

The structure of the chassis includes front wheel and retractable tail wheel safety. Basic and front strut retracted back during the flight.

Reduced run during landing provided a brake parachute belt. Reducing the takeoff run was achieved by four propellant boosters AKP-1500-15. They are attached under the center and operate alternately. Start accelerators - the task of the pilot, and reset - navigator. The emergency relief accelerators could also lay down on the shoulders of the pilot.

The plane had a tough Single control. The original style was made the transition from the rods in pressurized compartments leaking. Trimmers controlled by electromechanical remotely. Management rudders and ailerons included Autopilot equipment AP-5.

Tu-14 types

The fuel was placed in 24 rubber sealed tanks, the total capacity of which was 10 liters. The composition of the fuel system was radically different from its predecessors. The fact is that the Tu-300 had a thin wing, into which it was impossible to install conventional tanks. The fuel transfer system has been improved to ensure proper alignment. Fuel production was automatically switched to different groups of tanks. Prior to that, this process was directed by the aircraft crew.

The main feature was the series connection of the hydraulic operating consoles (exercising control units chassis, brake and landing flaps, bomb bay) with a source of pressure. The setting was a risky move, and trouble not long in coming. If time did not work the remote control returns brake flaps could damage the seals of pumps, and the slurry is thrown out. To remedy the problem involved emergency accumulators.

If the control panel is premature to transfer gear in neutral, could open locks and front pillars emerge during the run. On the instrument panel in the cockpit were the indicators in the form of green lights that signaled the released state of the chassis.

Tu-14 characteristics:


Modification   TU-14T
Wingspan, m   21.67
Length m   21.95
Height, m   5.69
Wing area, m2   67.36
Weight, kg  
  empty aircraft   14930
  normal takeoff   20930
  maximum take-off   25930
  Fuel   4365
engine's type   2 TRD VK-1
Thrust, kgf   2 x 2700
Maximum speed km / h  
  on high   845
  near the ground   800
Practical range, km   2930
Combat range, km   1200
Practical ceiling, m   11300
Crew   3
Armament:   4 x HP-23 - two guns motionless in the nose of the fuselage under the front cockpit (2 x 85 shells) and twin guns in the KDU-81 aft mount (2 x 350 shells),
 Bomb load - 1000-3000 kg.

 

Tupolev Tu-14 video

 

Aircraft

Tu-14, as a bomber, I really liked the fact that it can develop a maximum speed of 845 km / h, it is not enough, because it was 1947 year. For the standard, here, as almost every bomber had three canoe crew.
Aircraft I really like, because it has so many good qualities, but still there is one drawback, which I personally do not like it - it's flight range. The maximum he can fly 2930 km. That's a lot, I do not want to argue, but still when it drew level with the aircraft, which were released earlier and could fly 11000 km., It is, of course, behind them. Yet this does not prevent him much to make many flights.
I also want to say that I was interested in the fact that this airplane seats installed for the bailout. In 1947 year it was a very good security system. After all, if you take at least a year 1930, in fact it did not even think about this. Ejection seat - is probably the main feature of the Tu-14. Could catapult all crew members, the pilot only up, but the gunner and navigator upwards.
Overall, I really liked the airplane, especially its functions, which created a good flight and the same security.

the pilot in the top and the other on the bottom

Interesting design. In that year, which is designed, in the same and built, and that he flew. We use three turbojet engine RD ... but this is not the Soviet development. Their first on the "Rolls Royce" made. The plane is so-so. And the sky is not very well kept. IL-28 was quickly replaced. Tu even ten years did not last. But as history shows, the plane is still valued. Constantly upgraded, creating new versions. I do not remember, and for the atomic bomb was built? If anyone knows what may be, share. Yes, and I would like to find out about future developments.

Hello. I would like to know, and took these TU participation in hostilities? Of course not in the second world, and can be public or other conflicts. I would like to learn about how he behaved in combat. Suddenly who knows what write. I will be grateful.

Interesting design. In that year, which is designed, in the same and built, and that he flew. We use three turbojet engine RD ... but this is not the Soviet development. Their first on the "Rolls Royce" made. The plane is so-so. And the sky is not very well kept. IL-28 was quickly replaced. Tu even ten years did not last. But as history shows, the plane is still valued. Constantly upgraded, creating new versions. I do not remember, and for the atomic bomb was built? If anyone knows what may be, share. Yes, and I would like to find out about future developments.

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