Yak-14
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Yak-14

Yakovlev Yak-14

 

Yak-14 is a metal glider landing. The construction scheme of performance - strut-braced high. The design is applied with a single-spar wing profile of Clark Y. The central part of the wing is sheathed blade and the toe - duralumin. The ailerons and flaps are divided into two sections, and are placed around the wingspan. The spoilers are made of duralumin plates are on the trapezoidal wing portions.

The fuselage of hromansileevyh pipe truss. The middle part has a cross-section and is used as a cargo compartment, the dimensions of which - x 8 2,3 2,3 x m, and the volume - 42,5 m ³. Below average laid two truss beams welded together. Their role is in the perception of loads transported goods produced. The first series gliders got floor plywood 10 mm, and in the next series in the casing of the floor began to use duralumin sheets.

Yak-14

Above the floor drains were laid, which was carried out rolling self-propelled guns and armored vehicles during loading or unloading. If you needed to carry the composition of the landing, stairs removed and in their place put the seat. Seat backs for paratroopers touch the sides of the fuselage and placed around the perimeter of the cargo compartment. On the left side there is a door that serves to escape landing glider. In a series of airframe manufactured after 1951 city, to this end it has been made yet another door to the front of the fuselage on the starboard side.

The control cabin is located on the cargo bay and to improve visibility somewhat shifted to the left side. To get into the cabin through the door from the outside can be located on the left side of the cargo compartment - through a hatch in the ceiling.

Also on the right side of the cockpit was located a small door, which could be reset for emergency escape glider.

Fuselage is made of cloth, fixed to the longitudinal and transverse the frames herringbone tape.

Single-fin vertical tail glider. Its frame is made of duralumin, plating - from the web.

Yak-14

Chassis tricycle with a support on the nose wheel has an oil-pneumatic shock absorption. The main brake wheels are sized - 900 h300 mm. Self-orienting the nose wheel sizes - 600 250 x mm.

To facilitate the loading of equipment, as well as during the landing on the ski, the pressure was released in the shock absorbers of the chassis racks. When this procedure was carried out on the ground, then, according to eyewitnesses, the glider became similar to a camel, which was preparing to receive riders. After opening the air cock, first the main right landing gear of the chassis, then the forward support, and after it the main left one. So the Yak-14 "drover" became below the initial position at 450 mm. Preparing for take-off, the pressure of the chassis shock absorbers was raised back to the required operating value. This was done using only the airborne air system, without recourse to external pumps.

In serial production glider suffered about a hundred changes. The most significant were: replacement of the landing bow lights FS-155 more powerful FS-240, equipment cabin floor, wing fillets and a cargo compartment system further drainage (in fact, just to make new holes for rainwater drainage), equipping gliders with removable seats paratroopers, cleaning Glazing in the bow portion of the lower face. Most of these changes were introduced after 1951 city

Towing a glider Yak-14 conducted Il-12D and IL-12T. Cable, which is used during the towing, had a length and diameter of the 100 14,5 m mm. Reserve fuel from IL-12T enough to provide a range of throwing glider 495 km. During towing using IL-12D tactical range was 340 km.

Yak-14

As part of the on-board equipment Yak-14 was radio RSI-6K on which the pilots to keep in touch with air facilities and ground stations. At the height of 1000 m signal range of the device was 150 km.

After the release, the optimal planning speed was 140 km / h. When landing on dry grass, the speed of the vehicle on the wheels was 380 m, on skis - 270 m. If the grass cover was wet, then the ski run increased to 480 m. It's not easy to get on the skis in the latter case, because the pilot can not use Brakes and glides the glider over a dangerous surface. And when it was a question of mass landing gliders, it was difficult to conduct safe taxiing after landing. If the landing took place on loose snow or arable land, there was enough a landing pad measuring 300 x 70 m with open approaches. Glider Yak-14 in full load 6750 kg could be planted on a freshly plowed field. The length of the run during this landing was 75-140 m.

Yakovlev Yak-14 characteristics:



Modification   Yak-14
Wingspan, m   26.17
Length, m   18.44
Height, m   7.20
Wing area, m2   83.30
Weight, kg  
  empty   3082
  maximum flight   6750
Maximum permissible speed, km / h   300
Max. aerodynamic efficiency   12.5
Crew   2
Useful load:   27 (maximum - 35) paratroopers or 3500 kg of cargo

Combat aircraft Russian

Now, in 21 century, it is hard to imagine what prompted AS Yakovlev after the war to create a cargo glider. It seemed that the time has already passed similar machines. But the problem of delivery of large heavy cargo has not been resolved. Neither the railroad nor the waterways could not provide rapid transport of a large number of people and cumbersome technology in not disassembled for undeveloped expanses of the Soviet Union. Aircraft have not coped with this task. There was only one - transportation by a glider.
Initially, the design of the Yak-14 was carried out in the interests of the military, even in combat, he never did not participate directly. The glider was intended for transportation to a distance of 300-500 km paratroopers, self-propelled and self-propelled machinery with a supply of fuel, weapons and full ammunition weighing up to 3,5 t. The process of loading occur through the opening in the side on the principle of a conventional door front and rear of the fuselage, which significantly reduces the time and effort. As used the tug and IL-2-12.
The most famous operation involving the Yak-14 was the delivery of equipment and technology for the forward-based airfield equipment in the area of ​​the drifting station NP-4.

But why not just create our designers at the time. I believe that this product is difficult to call the aircraft did not bring much benefit to the operation of the ego. Especially since he could not fly on their own, and that the landing was very dangerous. This unit served more experience for the designers, what brought large positive. If I was a paratrooper in those years, probably not helpful to have this monster.

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