Yak-42
Articles
Yak-42

YAK-42 Photo. Video. Interior layout. Characteristics. Reviews.

 

70h- ​​In the last century the need for medium commercial traffic contributed to the emergence of new Yak-42.

Yakovlev received from the Aeroflot order for the development of the passenger liner, which will have to replace morally obsolete TU-134 и IL-18. Since 1972 1975 year on year was working on UC 42serii. The first test flight took place in March 1975g.

The plane was piloted by test pilots Yuri Petrov, Arseniy Yuri Kolosov and Viskovsky (flight engineer). Tests were generally normal, but showed a lack of passenger traffic at the time the speed - 680km / h.

Yak-42

In the mid-seventies technically outdated passenger aircraft Tu-134 require urgent replacement. And thanks to Smolensk (1977-1981) and Saratov (1978-2003) aircraft factory were issued medium-trimotored Yak-42. Total created winged machines - 183, two of which were used in the test of strength.

It should be noted that the air car set nine world records. OKB AS Yakovlev did not even engaged mnogopasazhirskimi airliners. The development was a military fighter, sporting and educational patterns.

The very design of the aircraft development began in 1972 year. USSR at the time needed a strong, medium-range aircraft, which would be able to replace IL-18 (aircraft Ilyushin) And Tu-134 (Tupolev). The first four prototype differed minor modifications. The first instance of wing sweep was 11 °, the other three - 23 °. A fourth prototype was different from all the presence of a parachute for the test to get out of the corkscrew. Ultimately, the prototype for the choice fell on the third option (received designation - Yak-42). He was distinguished by the presence of twin wheels on each landing gear and swept tail.

written off yak-42 - Kindergarten

Written off yak-42 - Kindergarten

Yak-42 - is an all-metal semi-monocoque fuselage with nizkoplan (in the width of the fuselage there is similarity with the Tu-154), three turbofan engines and a retractable tricycle landing gear. Also present console swept wing and T-tail with the stabilizer resettable type. It Smolensk aircraft plant in 1974 he released the first copy of the prototype, and in 1975, he enrolled in the trial. He led the famous test pilots A. Kolosov, Yuri Petrov and flight engineer Yuri Viskovsky.

The tests were successful, but the aircraft was unable to gain the necessary speed of flight (680 km / h) at an altitude of 8000 meters. All modifications to the construction and testing involved the deputy designer Tsvelev EG which, as they say, put in work of heart and soul. Advanced designers and engineers (VA Sukhorukov, AG Hlakin, Vladimir Zotov, VV Pogulyaev) were finalized and made many components of the Yak-42.

Since the end of 80, Aeroflot began to actively transport passengers to the Yak-42. The first catastrophe, which led to the freezing for two years of production of this aircraft, occurred 28 June 1982 year (onboard number of the USSR-42529). But already in 1988 the serial production of the modified Yak-42 was launched. The range of flight and the possibility of raising the maximum take-off weight were increased. Basically, these models were exported to Cuba and to China. The last plane was sent to 2003 year. Due to the cessation of the production of technical parts for ZAO Saratov Aviation Plant, the operation of the modernized Yak-42D was halted.

Yak-42 - cabinYak-42 - 2 cabin

Eventually the aircraft was popular, despite the fact that the same "Boeing-737" and "Airbus A319" need less fuel. However, after the crash (07.09.2011) Yak-42 has been completely removed from the flight. He was operated for long-haul flights and flights between cities.

Thanks to the development of Soviet aircraft builders, many problems were solved with a contradiction in the characteristics of the operation of very poorly prepared airfields, large cruising speeds and high fuel efficiency during flights. It was Yak-42 that was this development. In comparison with the Tu-154, an innovative solution was implemented to increase the weight return, namely, to replace the duralumin duct of the air intake, a monolithic composite as well as a threaded wing that allowed the removal of heavy butt joints and bolts was mounted. Built-in gangway is located in the tail section of the aircraft (the same as the Yak-40).

The chassis is located three-way. The front support is released along the flow, the main ones are across the flow in different directions. And harvesting, release and the braking mechanism of the chassis work hydraulically. The wheels are similar to those of the Tu-154. The hydraulic system of the double class is the main and emergency. For the pressure in them, there are two drive pumps and an ac pump station. Drive pumps are located in the engine number 1 and No. 2, responsible for the main hydraulic system. A HC-46-3 (pumping station) which operates from the main system, and the DC-55 DC station, produced from batteries, are responsible for the pressure in the emergency hydraulic system.

Yak-42 34 VIPYak-42 VIP

Yak-42 VIP

Both systems provide the performance of slats and flaps (RP-71 steering actuators), landing gear, a permutation of a stabilizer, cleaning spoilers and braking wheels.

Differences in electricity between the Yak-42 and Tu-154 there is little, except for one detail: the power and back-up is much smaller. Initial system - three-phase voltage, which are saturated secondary 36 System V.

The main elements of the system are:

  1. Three generator (three-phase GT30NZHCH12). Lead constant speed.

  2. Generator GT40PCH6 (from APU)

  3. 2 rectifier device. Transform into a permanent three-phase voltage (from the 208 27 B in B).

  4. Transistor-time (static) converter POS 1000A. The main task is to convert the DC voltage (27 B) in the single-phase AC (115 B).

  5. Transformers TS320SO4B in the amount of two pieces. Lower the three-phase voltage.

  6. Static converter PTS-800AM. Since it is a three-phase, used for emergency power.

  7. PTS-25 converter, a static, three-phase. It is used for autonomous power artificial horizon AGR-74 backup sample.

  8. Two rechargeable batteries (nickel-cadmium, 20NKBN-40). Nourish consumers and converters in case of failure of generators and rectifiers.

 

Yak-42

 

Navigation equipment consists of "Alder-1" complexes (very similar to the complex "Tansy"), altitude-speed equipment parts (VSP1-6) RSBN, 2 automatic radio complexes, landing system "KURS MT-70".

 

Fuel system consists of three tanks, one in the center section and two on the sides. Each of them can accommodate more than six thousand kilos of fuel and has a signaling reserve. The left and right side caisson-fed tanks and engines №1 №3. Accordingly, the average engine caisson second feeds (with two pumps). Also, the average APU fuel tank feeds via a separate pump. In case of emergency or failure of the fuel pump motor is quite possible to unite all the fuel lines.

Though in engines and there are no thrust reversers, braking is performed on the run the wheel brakes, spoilers and low landing speed, as well as at the An-24.

Yak-42 2

At this time, the approximate wear all the fleet of aircraft Yak-42 is about fifty percent. This flying machine was not able to replace the Tu-134, which to this day is in partial operation. There were constructed 183 different series and Yak-42 modifications. At the same time for a period of 70-80 and x-ies of the aircraft it was very modern. But because of the crash 1982 years that happened in Belarus, and the collapse of the Soviet Union, the fate of the Yak-42 was sentenced to freeze.

 

Existing aircraft modifications:

  • Yak-42 - initial model;

  • Yak-42A (Yak-142) - a modified version of the Yak-42D instance;

  • Yak-42D - modernized;

  • Yak-42D-100 - option with the presence of avionics;

  • Yak-42D "Roshydromet" - air laboratory (geophysical monitoring the atmosphere);

  • Yak-42M - is available with three engines CPS-42M complex;

  • Yak-42F - modified for aerial photography;

  • Yak-42E-LL - flying laboratory;

  • Yak-242 - deeply modernized version of the Yak-42 the presence of PS-90A12.

 

 

Yak-42 on takeoff

The fact that the very first aircraft in accordance with the design decision had a direct wing with more lift, however, required to develop the Ministry of Civil Aviation speed 800km / h was possible only with swept wings. In designing and developing a new wing profile it took a bit of time, and soon appeared the familiar face of all Yak-42 - nizkoplan with swept wings and T-stabilizer and three bypass turbojet engine in the rear fuselage.

The plane is made of light aluminum alloy, but the successful engineering solutions and composite materials are used to facilitate mass.

So the wings were made in the form of a solid design, for example, the wings of TU154 or TU134 are detachable, and the docking nodes of the connection of the wing parts have a noticeable weight. 

The air intake of the engine has an average length and diameter of the order of 700sm 130sm. It has a curved complex shape and its manufacturing in the form of a solid monolithic element which reduced its weight and increase service life. Three-layer fiberglass served as the material for the channel inlet.

The aircraft is equipped with its own ladder which is in the back of the plane under the stabilizer, which allows, without waiting for the trap machine, to carry out loading / unloading of passengers.

Yak-42 Salon

tricycle landing gear with hydraulic control.

Aircraft engines are not the reverse, as a relatively small landing speed (not more than 205km / h) and the weight allow hydraulic braking gear and spoilers. According to the power of power supply and backup, he concedes TU 154, although the system as a whole are similar.

Three fuel tanks, each of which holds just over 6 tons of fuel have the sensor signals to pilots about the rest of the fuel 870 kg., And on the balance 320 kg. during the missed approach. The aircraft has an auxiliary power unit - APU, which is used to start the main engines of the Autonomous Yak-42.

Passenger cabin in complete seating at economy class allows you to carry up to 120 people with a maximum speed 810 km / h over a distance 2900km.

Engines A-36 "Progress" develop cravings 63,74 kN each. The engines comply with international standards in terms of noise and have a minimum exhaust. Empty weight of the aircraft - 33,5 tons. Fuel consumption at cruising speed, depending on the workload of the liner is to 2300 3100 kg of fuel per hour. The crew of the Yak 42, not including flight attendants, includes two pilots and a flight engineer.

The aircraft successfully designed and has a long service life. It consists in the operation of Bole than three dozen airlines around the world, it is also used by the Russian Emergencies Ministry. Part of the aircraft was exported to China and Cuba.

Driving yak-42 salon

interior scheme Yak-42

Several modifications of this liner, adapted to perform highly specialized tasks, Yak-42E-LL, for example, was designed to test the turbofan engine.

 

Features Yak-42

  • Years of production: 1975g.

  • Empty weight: 34515 kilos;

  • Length: 36.38 meters;

  • Height: 9.83 meters;

  • Wingspan: 34.88 meters;

  • Wing area: 150 square meters;

  • The width of the fuselage: 3.6 meters;

  • Cruising speed: 650 kilometers per hour;

  • Maximum speed: 700 kilometers per hour;

  • Flight range: 1700 - 4000 kilometers;

  • Ceiling: 9 600 meters;

  • Takeoff run: 1 800 meters;

  • Length of run: 1 670 meters;

  • Number of seats: 120 places.

  • Maximum takeoff weight: 57 000 kilos;

  • Maximum landing weight: 51 000kilogramm;

  • Maximum payload: 13 500kilogramm;

  • Engines: 3 instance D-36, 6500 kilogram * force;

  • Specific fuel consumption: 35.0 grams per passenger per kilometer;

  • Fuel consumption per hour: 3 kilograms.

 

Yak-42. Gallery.

Yak-42 1 photoYak-42 2 photoYak-42 3 photo

Yak-42 4 photoYak-42 5 photoYak-42 6 photo

Yak-42 7 photoYak-42 8 photoYak-42 9 photo

Yak-42 10 photoYak-42 11 photoYak-42 12 photo

 

Yak-xnumx. Video. 

View all planes ...

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Who can tell what wing profile yak-42 has?

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Loko was killed by the co-pilot, and the plane in the hands of the fool is a flying coffin.

Once I flew on the Yak-42, but not like an airplane seat, backrest were short, and do not recline, even had no idea of ​​the Regulations, And if you put the chair on the Boeing and a normal step to do, nothing will cool car? noise can bear, flying -zhe IL 18, the AN-24!

As discontinued operations in the year 11, 15 Now all the flies.

Kindergarten explicitly from UC-40 made.

I completely agree. The picture of the kindergarten - the Yak-40.

new aircraft Yak-42 ordered, rented, bought for the sum 11mln 250000 thousand rubles will flyby Ural Airlines.

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