Yak-50
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Yak-50

Yakovlev Yak-50

 

Yak-50 is a training aircraft, representing an all-metal monoplane with low cantilever wing located.

The design of the Yak-50 and history

All-metal semi-monocoque fuselage. Right wing of the plane has a trapezoidal shape. Three-point chassis ground can get out of a two-wheeled in flight and an additional non-retractable. The cockpit is closed sleek lantern. Air-cooled radial engine M-14P.

Yak-50

As a result of restrictions on the establishment of-the Yak and Yak-18PS 18PM there is a need to renew the issue of single aerobatic aircraft for the Soviet national team and flying clubs. Before engineers posed a difficult task - to create the best of existing aircraft. The main defining characteristics - power and specific load on the wing - it was necessary to keep the level 2,5 kg / hp. and 60 kg / cm2 respectively.

The engine of the M-14P had a power in 360 hp. Despite all its advantages, it was heavy and large for a flying plane. But for that period of time, there simply was not another. In the Yakovlev Design Bureau in 1972, a new sports-flying single-seat aircraft Yak-50 was created by the force of the light-engine aviation brigade. It almost completely saved the aerodynamics from the aircraft Yak-18PS. The ratio of the profile of plumage and the areas of the rudders was changed in exactly the same way as the size of the aerodynamic configuration of the rudders, which in turn contributed to a reduction in effort on the controls. However, the Yak-50 in size and design was very different from the Yak-18PS.

The fuselage of the aircraft was made according to the semi-monocoque scheme, the duralumin casing, the wing structure is single-spar, operating. Centerplane abolished. The detachable wing components are joined to the fuselage. The tail feathers are executed by the free-living. Linen plating remained on the ailerons and rudders. Trying to lighten the plane, specialists were forced to resort to chemical milling of the skins. Lightweight plastic parts were used in the non-rigid elements of the glider, in some places - titanium alloys. The aircraft is equipped with a three-wing retractable landing gear, an available tail wheel. Their release, cleaning, engine starting and brake control are carried out by the pneumatic system.

Yak-50

The aircraft's oil system allows an 2-minute inverted flight. As for the fuel system, it consists of the main 55-liter tank for 35-minute flight and an additional tank, which allows to increase the distillation range to 500 km. The design of the Yak-50 corresponded to the technical capabilities of the aviation industry 1970-ies. The serial release of Yak-50 began in 1973 at the Arsenyev Aircraft Plant. Speaking at the Yak-50 in 1976, the Soviet team confidently won at the World Championships, held in Kiev. At that time our athletes Lidia Leonova and Victor Letsko became absolute champions.

Our pilots a year managed to get the title of Champions of Europe, and in 1982, Viktor Smolin in Austria has become the undisputed world champion. S. Savitskaya and O. Vulygin set world records and speed climb. With the advent of UC-50 in international competitions he has established a unique Soviet style of piloting, implying the implementation of figures with large overloads at high speeds.

Yak-50 cabin

Tough style of piloting, which is characteristic of modern aerobatics, contributed to a sharp change in the conditions of the loading of the aircraft: increased frequency of occurrence of both negative and positive overload. While the problem of site sport aircraft has not been well studied. In 1978, as a result of destruction of the wing was killed V. Letsko, absolute world champion. For the same reasons, the airplane lost the national team athletes and Artishkyavichus Gomylyaeva. Its main drawback was the unreliability of the design.

Yak-50 characteristics:



Modification   Yak-50
Wingspan, m   9.50
Aircraft Length m   7.68
Height, m   3.16
Wing area, m2   15.00
Weight, kg  
  empty aircraft   765
  maximum take-off   900
Internally fuel l   55 + additionally 120 L in 2 tanks
engine's type   1 PDMKB (Veldeneev) M-14P
Power, hp   X 1 360
Maximum speed km / h   420
Cruising speed, km / h   320
Practical range, km   495
The duration of the flight, ch.min   0.48 (no extra fuel)
Practical ceiling, m   5500
Max. operation overload   9
Crew   1

 

Yak-50 video

 

Yak-50 (1949)

 

Yak-50 is an experienced Soviet lightweight interceptor fighter. It is considered a logical continuation of the Yak-30 project, but has a number of differences. First of all, this is the presence of a more powerful VK-1 engine with a thrust of 2700 kgf and a modified sweep angle of the wings (45 degrees). At the end of the period 40-ies of Western Europe and the US have been intensively developing strategic aviation. In the USSR, they suspected a possible new war, so they decided to create special interceptors for such bombers in order to use them if necessary. On their own initiative, the Yakovlev Design Bureau began work on a similar interceptor. The second reason was the decision of the Council of Ministers to create an aircraft (fighter) with the ability to use VK-1 engines.

The original TTTs were put forward to the future unit, in particular the maximum speed of the future fighter was to be not less than 1100 km / h, the ceiling - up to 16 km. The aircraft must have a fast climbing speed for lightning-fast reaction and a range of flight for a wide range of operations. Having rich experience in creating the Yak-30 and thanks to the creative approach, the designers decided to start the development with a reduced weight of the whole structure. First of all, unlike the Yak-30, they facilitated the armor protection of the pilot's cabin, and then developed a plan to reduce the number of weapons.

Yak-50 (1949)

Thus, a fighter installed two 23-millimeter gun HP-23 160 with ammunition in shells. Protecting the cockpit is now looked like this: the thickness of the front bronestekol - 60 mm armored plate - 8 mm bronezagolovnik - 10 mm. Also, to reduce the weight of the impact the wide use of magnesium alloys and cycling gear. The basis of the equipment of radio equipment included radar "Kite", located in a flood of radio waves above the upper inlet.

Each wing has three ridges and aerodynamic flaps. The elongation of the wing compared with the base model was 4,0, narrowing - 1,2, wing chord constant cross V - five degrees. Vertical and horizontal tail sweep area of ​​the vertical - 3,0 m2, Horizontal - 2,86 m2. The area under the aft fuselage additional ridge - 0,344 m2. These materials and Applied technologies allow design Yak-50 light type with the presence of engine VC-1.

In July 49 was appointed to pilot plant tests of the aircraft. They became famous aviator S. Anokhin. He managed to disperse the aircraft to a speed of M = 1,01, and on state tests interceptor demonstrated improved speed of M = 1,03. According to the results of all tests S. Anokhin was very pleased with the aircraft and said that he is the best fighter on the results of experimental release of 1949 years.

Yak-50 (1949)

But the representative of the Air Force and SM Samokhin (the customer) considered that the TTT aircraft was designed with deviations and should not have a continuation. In addition, during the state tests at a speed M = 0,97 in a horizontal flight there were longitudinal oscillations, as a result of which the shooting was non-targeted. During the run with a lateral wind at 5 m / s and more, the aircraft banked on the wing, opposing the demolition, and began to cuddle to the runway under the wing. Because of this, an unfolding additional moment arose, and the Yak-50 began to roll off the band. And because of the inefficient management of the bow stance when landing on a wet and, in particular, icy runway, the air car became uncontrollable.

As a result, engineers have admitted their mistake with the choice of cycling gear, and then it and did not put any one airplane class fighter. Yak-50 for these reasons did not get into production, and in 1950, the Ministry of Defense has decided to reduce the range of the aircraft of this class and agreed that the basic serial fighter in the USSR will be designed in OKB Mikoyan and Gurevich.

 

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