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SIRS "Pine"

SIRS "Pine"

 

Along with the development of airborne military equipment, there was an urgent need to arm the ground forces, as well as to protect personnel from crushing enemy attacks from the air. That is why the weapons began to take short-range air defense systems. Their main purpose is to protect subunits from air strikes in all types of combat, including on the march.

 

Currently, the main defense of the land army of the Russian Federation is the Strela-10М3 complex. However, in the near future it is planned to put into service a new anti-aircraft missile system “Sosna”. In 2016, on trial, he demonstrated an advantage over other types of equipment.

 

A brief history of the development of the Pine air defense missile system

 

The idea to create a lightweight version of the air defense system originated in 1990 year. A. Shipunov, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, proposed to develop a lightweight version of the technology, based on the Strela-10 anti-aircraft missile system through the introduction of an optical-electronic control system and a laser-guided missile guidance system.

ZRK "Pine" 23

Designing a new model of anti-aircraft missile system began in the year 2005 and does not stop until today. For the first time, the sample was demonstrated in 2013 at a conference on the development of air defense equipment in Smolensk. At the same time passed the first tests. It was assumed that the air defense system "Pine" will go into service in the 2017 year.

 

The main objectives and goals of the complex

 

At the first stages of the development of the complex, the engineers pursued the goal to improve the combat potential of the Strela-10 air defense missile system and also to increase its endurance. With this in mind, the main principles of design were formulated:

 

  • The complex is based on an anti-aircraft guided missile of the Pine-10P model.
  • The development of new control Zur, guided in the laser beam.
  • The use of a multichannel opto-electronic weapon control system with automatic control and protection against radio-electronic interference. It should work in almost any weather and around the clock.
  • Development of two modes of fire guidance - automatic and semi-automatic.

 

In addition, the Sosna missiles have become more effective due to accurate targeting to an air target, the use of several types of fuses (contact and non-contact laser with a pie chart, and by reducing the flight time to the target by increasing the initial velocity.

 

Design features of the Pine air defense missile system

The light-armored LT-MB multi-purpose chassis of the domestic floating armored personnel carrier is used as the basis for the vehicle. At the same time, the main elements of the air defense system can be mounted both on the pneumowheel construction and on the tracked propulsion unit. In addition, the air defense missile system can act as a stationary installation on land, and be installed on floating vessels.

ZRK "Pine" 34343

The main requirement for the platform is a load capacity of at least 4 thousand kg. In the role of the basics can be popular transporters BMP-3, BMD-4 and BTR-82. The composition of the combat module includes:

 

  • power mechanisms and guidance system;
  • opto-electronic control system;
  • 6 2 XNUMX rockets;
  • digital computing facility.

 

The missile defense system is located in special transport-launch containers that do not need to be checked during the entire service life. If necessary, the complex can be made in several versions.

 

TTH ZRK "Pine"

 

The combination of efficient operation of the optoelectronic control and high performance of the rocket allows you to increase the damage radius of the Sinas air defense missile system Tactical and technical characteristics of the new modification in comparison with the prototype are at a higher level.

 

SAM "Pine" can go as part of the battery (unless, of course, the battery is also a mixed composition). In this case, the target vehicle will be answered by the commander’s vehicle or a battery control point. In addition, the air defense missile system can be guided by the target itself, using sector search and operating in a passive mode, which makes it difficult to detect it.

 

Features of the Pine-P missile defense system

 

Anti-aircraft guided missile is a new development of military engineers. It differs in small weight - only 7 kilogram, and this allows to exclude from the composition of the anti-aircraft missile complex "Pine" charging machine.

 

The rocket includes the 3 element:

  1. Warhead armor-piercing action to defeat the enemy when in contact with him.
  2. Combat fragmentation-rod part, which is used for non-contact destruction of air targets.
  3. Laser contact-proximity fuse, equipped with a combined control system.

SIRS "Pine" r5343

Short-range missile is a two-stage and has one detachable rocket engine. After exiting the transport and launch container, the radio command system is in charge of the direction of the ZRK missile flight. She takes the rocket to the line of sight. Then there is a separation of the engine, as well as the inclusion of protection against radio interference. Subsequent pursuit of the target passes through the laser guidance system.

 

Features of the optical-electronic control system

Due to the presence of the optical-electronic control system of the air defense missile system:

  • has high accuracy;
  • accurately and instantly determines the coordinates of the target;
  • conducts hidden fire on the enemy;
  • protected from radar interference.

 

From detection to target destruction, it can operate in the automatic mode of the Sinna air defense missile system. At the same time, the characteristics of OESU are almost not comparable.

 

The opto-electronic module is mounted on a gyro-stabilized platform, which can operate as in semi-automatic mode, when the machine operator is responsible for managing the complex, but many calculation processes take place in a digital unit. It is preferable to use the semi-automatic guidance mode in a complex combat situation.

 

Features opto-electronic control system

Operating modes: semi-automatic, automatic

Target detection: sector search, by external target designation

Maximum angular velocity, degrees / c: 50

Maximum angular acceleration, degrees / s2: 150

 

Field of view (narrow / wide), degrees:

  • TV system: 2,0 x 3,0 / 6,5 x 9,0
  • thermal channel: 1,67 x 2,5 / 8,0 x 12,0

Capture range for auto-tracking of targets (with DVA = 15 km, p = 80%), km:

  • airplanes: 16 — 30
  • helicopters: 10 — 14
  • cruise missiles: 8 — 12
  • armored ground objects: 8

Accuracy (MSD):

  • stabilization, mrad: 0,07
  • coordinate determination, mrad: 0,2
  • range determination, m: 5,0
  • laser range finder, mrad: 0,1
  • guidance information field LLKU, mrad: 0,08 — 0,12.

 

Protection features

 

In the early stages of building a complex, engineers abandon the use of radar target detection systems. Such a decision increased the level of security of the complex from the enemy’s anti-radar systems — it became almost invulnerable to them.

ZRK "Pine" 54545

The anti-aircraft missiles, just like the Pine itself, a short-range anti-aircraft missile system, are reliably protected from interference at the same time by several methods embedded in their design. In the tail of the missile is a laser radiation receiver, which makes it impossible to distort and block the control signal.

 

Immunity from interference to the ground part of the system is created due to the narrow field of view of thermal imaging and television channels. If necessary, the anti-aircraft missile system is equipped with means of thermal and visual masking.

 

Evaluation of the anti-aircraft missile system in Russia

 

In the course of state and field tests, the command of the armed forces of the Russian Federation highlighted many of the advantages of the new Sosna anti-aircraft missile system compared with the previous versions of short-range missile systems:

  • The impact of the defeat of both low-flying aerial equipment and high-speed, including UAVs and helicopters.
  • Ability to work around the clock in different weather conditions.
  • Controlled level of automation of target detection / destruction in combat.
  • Almost imperceptible process of transition of the complex to combat readiness.
  • The ability to fire with meta, with short stops and in motion.
  • No height restrictions, as well as the possibility of destruction of ground equipment.

 

The command noted the low cost of the combat vehicle, as well as anti-aircraft guided missiles. Experts assumed that after the successful tests, which took place in 2017, the complex will be adopted by the army of Russia.

 

“Pine” air defense missile system and Sosna-RA air defense missile system - various modifications

 

In the Russian army under the symbol "Pine" taken different types of military equipment and weapons. As practice shows, the most often confused mobile towed ZRPK "Pine" and described in the article SIRS "Pine".

 

Like the missile system, the Sosna-RA can be used as an independent combat unit or installed on different vehicles.

ZRK "Pine" 4343

Unlike the "older" air defense missile system, it is used to cover ground forces exclusively from low-flying aircraft. Like air defense systems, air defense missile systems use short-range Sosna-R missiles to destroy enemy air targets. This is the only thing that unites these two combat units.

 

Tactical and technical characteristics of the Pine air defense missile system:

Armament: 12 pcs. Zur 9M340 Pine-P

Missile mass in flight (in TPK), kg: 30 / 42 (28 / 38 [7])

Caliber before and after rocket separation, mm: 130 / 72

Maximum rocket speed, m / s: 900

Maximum overload, g: 40

Guidance system: laser beam

 

Zones of destruction, km:

  • range: 1,3 — 10,0
  • height: 0,002 — 5,0

 

Round the clock application: provided

 

Time:

  • reactions (from the moment the target was detected), sec .: 5 — 8
  • recharge, min: 10,0 (12,0)

 

Operating modes: autonomous and with centralized control

 

Guidance Angle:

  • horizontal: round;
  • vertical: −5 to + 82 °

Crew: 2 man - operator and driver.

 

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