The Russian Federation has begun supplying oil to the new Syrian leadership, sending the first major shipment of crude on the Sabina tanker, which can carry up to one million barrels, according to data obtained on March 19, 2025, from sources monitoring global oil shipments. The initiative marks the beginning of a new phase of Moscow’s interaction with Damascus following the change of power in Syria, where Bashar al-Assad’s regime was overthrown in December 2024. According to analysts, hydrocarbon supplies could become a tool for maintaining Russia’s military presence in the country, including the bases in Tartus and Khmeimim, which remain key elements of the Kremlin’s strategy in the region.

The Sabina, a tanker under international sanctions, was spotted off the coast of Syria in early March, underscoring Russia’s willingness to use alternative channels to support the new Syrian government. Experts say the oil is likely intended to help address the country’s acute energy shortage following years of civil war and the withdrawal of former allies such as Iran. The shipment underscores Moscow’s desire to cement its influence in Syria, where it has traditionally been a major player, providing both military and economic support.

The Washington Institute notes that after Assad's fall, Syria is in dire need of fuel, and Western companies are avoiding cooperation due to the continuing risks of sanctions. Russia, on the contrary, is using its experience of working under restrictions.

According to Reuters, the change of power in Damascus has led to the cessation of Iranian oil supplies, forcing the interim government to seek new partners. A meeting in December 2024 between Syrian leader Hassan al-Sharaa and Russian representatives recorded the parties' intention to deepen cooperation, including in the energy sector. Experts suggest that Moscow may offer oil in exchange for guarantees of maintaining its bases, which is confirmed by statements by Russian diplomats about "unwavering support for Syria's sovereignty." Against this backdrop, the United States and its allies are trying to limit Russia's influence, but the temporary lifting of some sanctions on Syria has not yet changed the situation in favor of the West.