Yakovlev Yak-141
At the end of the 70s, Soviet designers created a qualitatively new carrier-based fighter, which had the designation Yak-141, according to NATO codification - Freestyle, which means "Free style". This machine was a supersonic vehicle designed to be based on various types of aircraft carriers. For more efficient use on aircraft carriers, he had a vertical take-off and landing system. At the heart of this fighter were used the development of previous machines of a similar class, which was engaged in the Yakovlev design bureau.
The Yak-141 was the third machine in the world that is able to overcome the speed of sound. The main task of the new aircraft carriers it was a cover of the enemy forces. Also, it should exceed the air forces of the enemy and conduct long-range and short-range air combat. In addition, this machine can attack enemy positions and ground. The development of the Yak-144 began to engage only in 1970 year, and held it for seven years. For the first time this machine touched the deck of a ship in 1991 year.
History Design Yak-141
The first active work on this project was started in 73, the Designers planned this machine as a supersonic aircraft and prepared it for serial production. In the summer of 1974, a resolution of the Council of Ministers was issued, which referred to the beginning of the creation of a new VTOL. Here, the deadlines for the delivery of the finished apparatus were also prescribed. Initially, the machine was designed with a single PMD, which should provide thrust of 15 thousand kilograms, but later it was decided to install two engines. As for the layout of the lifting engines, the designers also worked on a variety of options, among which was the installation of engines in the bow. But soon it became clear that this scheme is ineffective. Therefore, it was a decision to arrange these settings in the same way as it was in the Yak-38 airplane.
On the middle of the 80 year, all issues related to the layout of the device were solved, after which the design bureau of Yakovlev began to thoroughly refine all devices and units. At this time, the design of an alternative engine of the D-30 type was started, but soon these developments were discontinued by Yakovlev himself. In the same year, the first full-scale functioning model of the machine was created, which was approved by the state commission. After that, they started creating the first four Yak-141 vehicles. Each of the four vehicles had to undergo various tests and tests both in flight and on the ground. It was also planned to create a tandem version, which was planned to be used for training pilots.
Flight tests planned to begin in early 82 years, but there were problems with the rotary nozzle propulsion engine. Designers had to work a lot of different options for the design of the nozzle. Because of this problem, the state tests had to be postponed on 1985 year.
Design Features Yak-141
The aircraft was built under the scheme with a cantilever design vysokoplana housing, the machine is in the normal scheme of aerodynamics. In the manufacture of composite materials have been used, the number of which was 26% by weight of the whole structure. The remaining mass was made of aluminum alloys, which are highly resistant to corrosion. A small number of parts were made of stainless steel and titanium alloys.
Housing semi-monocoque type with a rectangular cross-section. To improve the efficiency of vertical rise from the bottom of the machine housing have been installed special plates. The tail of the aircraft had a parachute system, which was used in the standard landing on the runway. Basically, this system was used on failure of rotation of the nozzle.
Wing unit manufactured in a trapezoidal form, it had a low elongation. The root of the nodules had. The wing was very well thought out, as it ensures the development of supersonic speeds. It allows for long flights and maintaining excellent aerodynamics and agility. Wings have arrow-shaped, the angle of which was 30 °. In order that the machine takes up less space on the deck, the wings had the opportunity to develop.
The plumage of the back of the aircraft has dvuhkilevoe type of structure, it is attached with the beams to the console housing. Between the beams placed nozzle propulsion engine. The plumage of the tail consists of rudders and stabilizers, the scope of which 5,9 meters.
The machine is equipped with two air intakes, which are rectangular in shape and are adjustable. Adjustment of air by means of a horizontal wedge. The air intakes are equipped with valves, which provide better air flow during takeoff.
Chassis Yak-141 represented by three pillars that have a lever diagram of the structure. All racks have one wheel, but the rear rack equipped with large-diameter wheels. The system chassis is a powerful and reliable, it can survive a very strong impact on the ground.
As for the power plant Yak-141, then there should be noted that it is represented by three engines, namely the main boosters and two lifting. Lifting march installation is designated R79V-300 and occupies a central place in the cabinet. The engine itself is a turbojet-powered plant, which is equipped with an afterburner, a vector control system.
The feature of this unit can be called that it the rotors rotating in opposite directions. In the combustion chamber set unique vortex burner. Most unique in this machine can be called a vector rotation system which changes the angle between the direction of thrust to 95 °, wherein the operation of the engine can not be changed. This powerplant in afterburner attached Yak-141 15,5 thrust thousand kgs.
Yak-141 characteristics:
Modification | Yak-141 |
Wingspan, m. | |
in the unfolded position | 10,10 |
folded | 5,90 |
Aircraft Length m | 18,30 |
Height, m | 5,00 |
Wing area, m2 | 31.70 |
Fuel Weight, kg | |
in internal tanks | 4400 |
in outboard | 1750 |
Maximum take-off weight, kg | |
during the run 120 m | 19500 |
with a vertical takeoff | 15800 |
Engine type (thrust, kgf) | |
lift-march | 1 TRDDF P-79 (1x15500 / 1x9000) |
lifting | 2 TRD RD-41 (2x4260) |
Maximum speed km / h | |
near the ground | 1250 |
at an altitude of 11 km | 1800 |
Ferry range, km | |
with GDP on the ground | 650 |
with GDP at an altitude of 10-12 km | 1400 |
Practical range, km | |
near the ground | 1010 |
at an altitude of 10-12 km | 1400 |
at an altitude of 10-12 km with PTB | 2100 |
Combat range, km | 690 |
Loitering time, h | 1,5 |
Practical ceiling, m | 15000 |
Max. operation overload | 7 |
Crew | 1 |
Armament: | one 30 mm gun GSH-301 (120 ammo). |
On four, and later on six underwing pylons, air-to-air missiles R-77 or R-27 medium-range and R-73 short-range or R-60 close air combat and air-to-surface Kh-25, Kh-31 can be suspended | |
cannon installations (23 mm, 250 rounds) or NAR launchers with a caliber of 80 to 240 mm, up to six bombs with a caliber of 500 kg. |
Yak-141 video
The biggest fish is the one that has broken off the hook ... and do not fall into the hands ...
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