Antonov An-12
An-12 - military transport aircraft USSR created Antonov.
The design of the An-12
Aerodynamic configuration of the machine is a 4-engine turboprop vysokoplan tail cargo door and odnokilevym plumage.
The fuselage with a large cargo hatch and a raised tail section provides convenient loading / unloading of oversized cargo and their parachute dropping. The crane beam (onboard loading device) with the lifting capacity of 2,8 t and the conveyor speed up and facilitate the mooring, loading and unloading processes. The design of the fuselage An-12 is almost the same as the design of An-10. The main difference is the aft part of the aircraft, which has a tail rifle installation and a cargo hatch with an air gun cab. In the middle of the fuselage, instead of the passenger compartment, there is a cargo cabin. And the front part of the car with the crew cabin almost completely coincides with An-10, namely its front part. The crew cabin is hermetic and has a compartment from the cargo with the help of a hermic impeller with a door.
The chassis of the aircraft possesses high cross-country ability, which allows it to fly off easily from snow, ground and ice airfields. Loading of bulky goods and equipment is carried out in the rear part of the fuselage through the cargo hatch. The level of the cargo floor of the machine is close to the ground thanks to the "high-plan" scheme, which greatly facilitates and simplifies the loading. Unloading and loading are carried out using side winches, cargo gangways, crane beams and conveyors. For parachute landing on platforms in the machine, a conveyor is installed. On the floor there are nests for the development of An-12 and An-10. AI-20 engines were chosen for the aircraft.
December 16 1957, the first flew AN-12 in Irkutsk. Since 1959, he began to be delivered to the Air Force. During its operation take-off weight was increased and was already 61 ton.
Design features
Due to the unification of the production of the An-An-12 and 10 the middle part of the fuselage of the aircraft with a cargo cabin constructively coincided with the middle part of the An-10 model fuselage was structurally sealed. However, the rear part of the fuselage, which had a cargo door, a ramp, and is connected to the middle, was originally unsealed. After the production of about a hundred aircraft middle portion still made airtight.
Production of AN-12
In the Soviet Union AN-12 commercially produced only three aircraft plants:
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Tashkent (830 copies during 1962-72 years..);
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Irkutsk (155 copies, 1957-62 years..);
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Voronezh (258 ind., 1962-72 years.).
Representatives of the General Designer were:
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Tashkent - PV Balabuev, VF Eroshin, NA Pogorelov, HG Sarymsakov, IG Ermokhin, YN Prikhodko;
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Irkutsk - AM Leontiev, AI Shivrina, GA Lugovoi, VZ Bragilevsky;
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Voronezh - AM Kondratyev, NP Sobol, YD Goloborodko, VP Heat.
An Application-12
The aircraft was extensively used in emergencies, for military purposes, for the transportation of troops and military equipment, and for freight and passenger transport, search and rescue of space object crews of manned aircraft and spacecraft in distress. He became the impetus for the development of the Air Force of influence.
The most important AN-12 had in the development of the Airborne Forces of the USSR. An-12 was the first massive aircraft in the VTA (military transport aircraft), which allows you to perform a mass landing of military equipment Airborne and Parachute.
An able-12 2 to take on board military vehicles, made on the basis of the BTR-D 2S9 "Nona", or 2 airborne combat vehicles, namely, BMD-1 or 60 parachutists. The cargo cabin jumpers placed in the number 4. Landing is performed in 2 flow: the first - the men in the middle row, second - soldiers, which are located along the boards.
Antonov An-12 used as flying laboratories for such work:
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testing of the landing system of spacecraft vehicles;
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motor test AI-24 with screws AB-72 aircraft An-24;
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testing of aircraft navigation systems, and assembly of goods "Dome" for the IL-76 and 22-An (in 1961 year);
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thermal test cards to form fire and heat maps of the area;
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Test new ejection seats;
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study means of detection of the laser irradiation, missiles and electronic intelligence operations;
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testing of new means of detecting submarines;
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creation of an artificial survey.
An-12 has established itself as a reliable device that can work even in the most difficult climatic conditions. No less important is the fact that it is unpretentious in service.
Arms of An-12
It has bomber and artillery weapons.
It refers to artillery cannon armament system, which consists of a turret with two guns (23 mm) sighting and computing unit and electrical remote control. Ammunition designed to 700 shells rate - 1250 rounds per minute.
bomber weapons
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Two photographic bomb and two night backsight signal-bomb or two-day backsight signal for dropping bombs from the beam holder
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Six color backsight signal-bombs, or six night backsight naval bombs, or six day backsight naval bombs, or six radiosonde intended to drop out of the holder box
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Seventy bombs caliber 100 kg (ZAB, OFAB) or 29-32 bombs on 250 kg (ZAB, OFAB, RBC PTAB), or 18 bombs on 500 kg (FZAB, ZAB FAB) or 18 aviamin for dropping from the conveyor
The navigator cabin for precision bombing and relief goods set sights NKPB-7. In front of the fairing is two outer chassis beam inside bomb racks and two rear. The box holder for six vertical suspension bombs located in the aft fuselage.
An-12 video
If necessary, on the back flap of the cargo hatch mounted a camera on a night-MC / 25 or one day AFA-42.
An-12 characteristics:
Modification | An-12 |
Wingspan, m | 38.00 |
Aircraft Length m | 33.10 |
Height, m | 10.53 |
Wing area, m2 | 121.7 |
Weight, kg | |
empty aircraft | 28000 |
normal takeoff | 55100 |
maximum take-off | 61000 |
Domestic fuel l | 18100 |
engine's type | 4 TVD Progress (Ivchenko) AI-20K |
Power, hp | X 4 4250 |
Maximum speed km / h | 777 |
Cruising speed, km / h | 670 |
Practical range, km | 5700 |
Range, km | 3200 |
Practical ceiling, m | 10200 |
Crew | 5 + 1 |
Payload: | 90 soldiers or 60 paratroopers or 20000 kg of cargo |
Armament: | two 23 mm guns HP-23 |
Antonov An-12. Gallery.
The aircraft is excellent. It is an analogue of "Hercules". It is somewhat less fuel consumption, it takes more and more flies. I believe that to remove it from the production was a big folly - it is inexpensive, easy to use, fairly moderate fuel consumption. In general, the plane failed.
light, you fly? pilot shturmanets, if you know how the middle-topic too good
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